Pulse-shape discrimination against low-energy Ar-39 beta decays in liquid argon with 4.5 tonne-years of DEAP-3600 data.

Autor:	Adhikari P; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Ajaj R; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Alpízar-Venegas M; Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F. Mexico., Amaudruz PA; TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada., Auty DJ; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Batygov M; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada., Beltran B; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Benmansour H; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Bina CE; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Bonatt J; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Bonivento W; INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy., Boulay MG; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Broerman B; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Bueno JF; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Burghardt PM; Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany., Butcher A; Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK., Cadeddu M; INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy., Cai B; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Cárdenas-Montes M; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain., Cavuoti S; Physics Department, Università degli Studi 'Federico II' di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy.; INFN Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy.; INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, 80131 Naples, Italy., Chen M; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Chen Y; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Cleveland BT; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada., Corning JM; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Cranshaw D; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Daugherty S; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada., DelGobbo P; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Dering K; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., DiGioseffo J; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Di Stefano P; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Doria L; PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence and Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany., Duncan FA; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada., Dunford M; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Ellingwood E; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Erlandson A; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada.; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Farahani SS; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Fatemighomi N; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada., Fiorillo G; Physics Department, Università degli Studi 'Federico II' di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy.; INFN Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy., Florian S; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Flower T; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Ford RJ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada., Gagnon R; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Gallacher D; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., García Abia P; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain., Garg S; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Giampa P; TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada., Goeldi D; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Golovko V; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada., Gorel P; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Graham K; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Grant DR; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Grobov A; National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia.; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia., Hallin AL; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Hamstra M; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Harvey PJ; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Hearns C; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Hugues T; AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland., Ilyasov A; National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia.; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia., Joy A; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Jigmeddorj B; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada., Jillings CJ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada., Kamaev O; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada., Kaur G; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Kemp A; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada.; Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK., Kochanek I; INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, AQ Italy., Kuźniak M; AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland.; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Lai M; Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.; INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy., Langrock S; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Lehnert B; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Present Address: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA., Leonhardt A; Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany., Levashko N; National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia.; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia., Li X; Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA., Lidgard J; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Lindner T; TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada., Lissia M; INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy., Lock J; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Longo G; Physics Department, Università degli Studi 'Federico II' di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy.; INFN Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy., Machulin I; National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia.; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia., McDonald AB; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., McElroy T; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., McGinn T; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., McLaughlin JB; Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK.; TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada., Mehdiyev R; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Mielnichuk C; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Monroe J; Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK., Nadeau P; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Nantais C; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Ng C; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Noble AJ; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., O'Dwyer E; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Oliviéro G; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Ouellet C; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Pal S; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Pasuthip P; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Peeters SJM; University of Sussex, Sussex House, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9RH UK., Perry M; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Pesudo V; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain., Picciau E; Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.; INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy., Piro MC; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Pollmann TR; Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany.; Present Address: Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Rand ET; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada., Rethmeier C; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Retière F; TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada., Rodríguez-García I; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain., Roszkowski L; AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland.; BP2, National Centre for Nuclear Research, ul. Pasteura 7, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland., Ruhland JB; Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany., Sánchez-García E; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain., Santorelli R; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain., Sinclair D; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Skensved P; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Smith B; TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada., Smith NJT; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada., Sonley T; SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Soukup J; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Stainforth R; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Stone C; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Strickland V; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada., Stringer M; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Sur B; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada., Tang J; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Vázquez-Jáuregui E; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada.; Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F. Mexico., Viel S; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Walding J; Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK., Waqar M; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Ward M; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada., Westerdale S; Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada.; INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy., Willis J; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada., Zuñiga-Reyes A; Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F. Mexico.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields [Eur Phys J C Part Fields] 2021; Vol. 81 (9), pp. 823. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 16.
DOI:	10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09514-w
Abstrakt:	The DEAP-3600 detector searches for the scintillation signal from dark matter particles scattering on a 3.3 tonne liquid argon target. The largest background comes from 39 Ar beta decays and is suppressed using pulse-shape discrimination (PSD). We use two types of PSD estimator: the prompt-fraction, which considers the fraction of the scintillation signal in a narrow and a wide time window around the event peak, and the log-likelihood-ratio, which compares the observed photon arrival times to a signal and a background model. We furthermore use two algorithms to determine the number of photons detected at a given time: (1) simply dividing the charge of each PMT pulse by the mean single-photoelectron charge, and (2) a likelihood analysis that considers the probability to detect a certain number of photons at a given time, based on a model for the scintillation pulse shape and for afterpulsing in the light detectors. The prompt-fraction performs approximately as well as the log-likelihood-ratio PSD algorithm if the photon detection times are not biased by detector effects. We explain this result using a model for the information carried by scintillation photons as a function of the time when they are detected. (© The Author(s) 2021.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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