A review on advances in the applications of spider silk in biomedical issues.

Autor: Bakhshandeh B; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: b.bakhshandeh@ut.ac.ir., Nateghi SS; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Gazani MM; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran., Dehghani Z; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran., Mohammadzadeh F; Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2021 Dec 01; Vol. 192, pp. 258-271. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.201
Abstrakt: Spider silk, as one of the hardest natural and biocompatible substances with extraordinary strength and flexibility, have become an ideal option in various areas of science and have made their path onto the biomedical industry. Despite its growing popularity, the difficulties in the extraction of silks from spiders and farming them have made it unaffordable and almost impossible for industrial scale. Biotechnology helped production of spider silks recombinantly in different hosts and obtaining diverse morphologies out of them based on different processing and assembly procedures. Herein, the characteristics of these morphologies and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized. A detailed view about applications of recombinant silks in skin regeneration and cartilage, tendon, bone, teeth, cardiovascular, and neural tissues engineering are brought out, where there is a need for strong scaffolds to support cell growth. Likewise, spider silk proteins have applications as conduit constructs, medical sutures, and 3D printer bioinks. Other characteristics of spider silks, such as low immunogenicity, hydrophobicity, homogeneity, and adjustability, have attracted much attention in drug and gene delivery. Finally, the challenges and obstacles ahead for industrializing the production of spider silk proteins in sufficient quantities in biomedicine, along with solutions to overcome these barriers, are discussed.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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