Exploring the Associations Between Self-reported Tendencies Toward Smartphone Use Disorder and Objective Recordings of Smartphone, Instant Messaging, and Social Networking App Usage: Correlational Study.

Autor: Marengo D; Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy., Sariyska R; Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany., Schmitt HS; Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany., Messner EM; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany., Baumeister H; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany., Brand M; Department of General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany., Kannen C; Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany., Montag C; Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of medical Internet research [J Med Internet Res] 2021 Sep 30; Vol. 23 (9), pp. e27093. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 30.
DOI: 10.2196/27093
Abstrakt: Background: Social communication via instant messaging (IM) and social networking (SN) apps makes up a large part of the time that smartphone users spend on their devices. Previous research has indicated that the excessive use of these apps is positively associated with problematic smartphone use behaviors. In particular, image-based SN apps, such as Instagram (Facebook Inc) and Snapchat (Snap Inc), have been shown to exert stronger detrimental effects than those exerted by traditional apps, such as Facebook (Facebook Inc) and Twitter (Twitter Inc).
Objective: In this study, we investigated the correlation between individuals' tendencies toward smartphone use disorder (SmUD) and objective measures of the frequency of smartphone usage. Additionally, we put to test the hypothesis that the pathway linking the frequency of actual smartphone usage to self-reported tendencies toward SmUD was mediated by the increased frequency of IM and SN app usage.
Methods: We recruited a sample of 124 adult smartphone users (females: 78/124, 62.9%; age: mean 23.84 years, SD 8.29 years) and collected objective information about the frequency of smartphone and SN app usage over 1 week. Participants also filled in a self-report measure for assessing the multiple components of tendencies toward SmUD. Bivariate associations were investigated by using Spearman correlation analyses. A parallel mediation analysis was conducted via multiple regression analysis.
Results: The frequency of smartphone usage, as well as the use of IM apps (Messenger, Telegram, and WhatsApp [Facebook Inc]), Facebook, and image-based apps (Instagram and Snapchat), had significant positive associations with at least 1 component of SmUD, and the cyberspace-oriented relationships factor exhibited the strongest associations overall. We found support for an indirect effect that linked actual smartphone usage to SmUD tendencies via the frequency of the use of image-based SN apps.
Conclusions: Our novel results shed light on the factors that promote SmUD tendencies and essentially indicate that image-based SN apps seem to be more strongly associated with problematic smartphone behaviors compared to IM apps and traditional SN apps, such as Facebook.
(©Davide Marengo, Rayna Sariyska, Helena Sophia Schmitt, Eva-Maria Messner, Harald Baumeister, Matthias Brand, Christopher Kannen, Christian Montag. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 30.09.2021.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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