Accessing biochar's porosity using a new low field NMR approach and its impacts on the retention of highly mobile herbicides.

Autor: de Pierri L; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Dept. of Soil Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, C.P. 09, 13418-260, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: leticiapierri@alumni.usp.br., Novotny EH; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Soils, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-000, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: etelvino.novotny@embrapa.br., Pellegrino Cerri CE; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Dept. of Soil Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, C.P. 09, 13418-260, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: cepcerri@usp.br., José de Souza A; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Dept. of Soil Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, C.P. 09, 13418-260, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: adijailtonjsouza@usp.br., Mattos BB; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Soils, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-000, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: bianca.mattos@embrapa.br., Tornisielo VL; Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, 03178-200, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: vltornis@cena.usp.br., Regitano JB; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Dept. of Soil Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, C.P. 09, 13418-260, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: regitano@usp.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2022 Jan; Vol. 287 (Pt 3), pp. 132237. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132237
Abstrakt: Agrowaste biochars [sugarcane straw (SS), rice husk (RH), poultry manure (PM), and sawdust (SW)] were synthesized at different pyrolysis temperatures (350, 450, 550, and 650 °C) to evaluate their potential to retain highly mobile herbicides, such as hexazinone and tebuthiuron that often contaminate water resources around sugarcane plantations. A new low field nuclear magnetic resonance approach based on decay due to diffusion in internal magnetic field (NMR-DDIF) was successfully used to determine biochar's porosity and specific surface area (SSA) to clear the findings of this work. SSA of pores with diameters >5.0 μm increased with pyrolysis temperatures and seemed to dictate biochar's retention, which was >70% of the applied amounts at 650 °C. These macropores appear to act as main arteries for herbicide intra-particle diffusion into smaller pores, thus enhancing herbicides retention. Biochar granulometry had little, but herbicide aging had a significant effect on sorption, mainly of tebuthiuron. However, soils amended with 10,000 kg ha -1 of the biochars showed low sorption potential. Therefore, higher than usual biochar rates or proper incorporation strategies, i.e., surface incorporation, will be needed to remediate areas contaminated with these highly mobile herbicides, thus precluding their leaching to groundwaters.
(Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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