Vaginal delivery of vaccines.

Autor: VanBenschoten HM; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States., Woodrow KA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States. Electronic address: woodrow@uw.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Advanced drug delivery reviews [Adv Drug Deliv Rev] 2021 Nov; Vol. 178, pp. 113956. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113956
Abstrakt: Recent estimates suggest that one in two sexually active individuals will acquire a sexually transmitted infection by age 25, an alarming statistic that amounts to over 1 million new infections per day worldwide. Vaccination against STIs is highly desirable for alleviating this global burden of disease. Vaginal immunization is a promising strategy to combat transmission via the vaginal mucosa. The vagina is typically considered a poor inductive site for common correlates of adaptive immunity. However, emerging evidence suggests that immune tolerance may be overcome by precisely engineered vaccination schemes that orchestrate cell-mediated immunity and establish tissue resident memory immune cells. In this review, we will discuss the unique immunological milieu of the vaginal mucosa and our current understanding of correlates of pathogenesis and protection for several common STIs. We then present a summary of recent vaginal vaccine studies and explore the role that mucosal adjuvants and delivery systems play in enhancing protection according to requisite features of immunity. Finally, we offer perspectives on the challenges and future directions of vaginal vaccine delivery, discussing remaining physiological barriers and innovative vaccine formulations that may overcome them.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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