An overview of plastic straw policies in the Americas.

Autor: Neto AM; Escola Politécnica, Engenharia Ambiental, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, CEP 21941-909 Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Gomes TS; Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano/Programa em Ciência e Tecnologia de Polímeros, Avenida Horácio Macedo 2.030, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco J, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-598, Brazil., Pertel M; Escola Politécnica, Engenharia Ambiental, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, CEP 21941-909 Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Escola Politécnica/Programa de Engenharia Ambiental, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, CEP 21941-909 Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Vieira LAVP; Faculdade de Direito, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Presidente Pedreira 62, Ingá, Niterói CEP 24210-510 Brazil., Pacheco EBAV; Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano/Programa em Ciência e Tecnologia de Polímeros, Avenida Horácio Macedo 2.030, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco J, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-598, Brazil; Escola Politécnica/Programa de Engenharia Ambiental, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, CEP 21941-909 Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: elen@ima.ufrj.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine pollution bulletin [Mar Pollut Bull] 2021 Nov; Vol. 172, pp. 112813. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 06.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112813
Abstrakt: Although plastic straws account for a small fraction of urban residue, they are also found in marine and coastal waste, raising concerns in the community and resulting in policies to curb or ban improper disposal. These policies are still little documented and discussed in the scientific literature. This review article aims at surveying, categorizing and analyzing existing regulations on the American continent (North, Central and South America and the Caribbean). The regulations were analyzed in terms of straw bans; obligations regarding the type of raw material used in manufacturing; accessibility-related exceptions to bans; and the adoption of environmental education measures. A total of 363 regulations enacted in 62.8% of American countries were examined, 37% of which need technical standards to support their requirements. In Central America and the Caribbean, it is primarily the regulations that provide environmental education. Locations with a strong beach tourism economy have enacted plastic straw regulations.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: