Plant-based diets, pescatarian diets and COVID-19 severity: a population-based case-control study in six countries.

Autor: Kim H; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiolgy, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Rebholz CM; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiolgy, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Hegde S; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., LaFiura C; Envision Health Partners, Riverside, Connecticut, USA., Raghavan M; Envision Health Partners, Riverside, Connecticut, USA., Lloyd JF; Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA., Cheng S; Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA., Seidelmann SB; Department of Medicine, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMJ nutrition, prevention & health [BMJ Nutr Prev Health] 2021 Jun 07; Vol. 4 (1), pp. 257-266. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 07 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000272
Abstrakt: Background: Several studies have hypothesised that dietary habits may play an important role in COVID-19 infection, severity of symptoms, and duration of illness. However, no previous studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and COVID-19.
Methods: Healthcare workers (HCWs) from six countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, USA) with substantial exposure to COVID-19 patients completed a web-based survey from 17 July to 25 September 2020. Participants provided information on demographic characteristics, dietary information, and COVID-19 outcomes. We used multivariable logistic regression models to evaluate the association between self-reported diets and COVID-19 infection, severity, and duration.
Results: There were 568 COVID-19 cases and 2316 controls. Among the 568 cases, 138 individuals had moderate-to-severe COVID-19 severity whereas 430 individuals had very mild to mild COVID-19 severity. After adjusting for important confounders, participants who reported following 'plant-based diets' and 'plant-based diets or pescatarian diets' had 73% (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.81) and 59% (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.99) lower odds of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 severity, respectively, compared with participants who did not follow these diets. Compared with participants who reported following 'plant-based diets', those who reported following 'low carbohydrate, high protein diets' had greater odds of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 (OR 3.86, 95% CI 1.13 to 13.24). No association was observed between self-reported diets and COVID-19 infection or duration.
Conclusion: In six countries, plant-based diets or pescatarian diets were associated with lower odds of moderate-to-severe COVID-19. These dietary patterns may be considered for protection against severe COVID-19.
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
(© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze: MEDLINE