Academic Radiology in the United States: Defining Gender Disparities in Faculty Leadership and Academic Rank.

Autor:	Goswami AK; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciencies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia., Kokabi N; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite AG05 Atlanta, GA 30322., Khaja MS; Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia., Saad WE; Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland., Khaja A; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciencies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia., Vashi AP; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, Illinois., Bhatia A; Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio., Peng L; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania., Yellamraju S; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia., Sarasani R; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia., Sripadrao H; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia., Findeiss LK; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite AG05 Atlanta, GA 30322., Newsome JM; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite AG05 Atlanta, GA 30322., Meltzer CC; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite AG05 Atlanta, GA 30322., Majdalany BS; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite AG05 Atlanta, GA 30322. Electronic address: bmajdal@emory.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Academic radiology [Acad Radiol] 2022 May; Vol. 29 (5), pp. 714-725. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 25.
DOI:	10.1016/j.acra.2021.05.016
Abstrakt:	Rationale and Objectives: Female physicians in academic medicine have faced barriers that potentially affect representation in different fields and delay promotion. Little is known about gender representation differences in United States academic radiology departments, particularly within the most pursued subspecialties. Purpose: To determine whether gender differences exist in United States academic radiology departments across seven subspecialties with respect to academic ranks, departmental leadership positions, experience, and scholarly metrics. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study from November 2018 to June 2020, a database of United States academic radiologists at 129 academic departments in seven subspecialties was created. Each radiologist's academic rank, departmental leadership position (executive-level - Chair, Director, Chief, and Department or Division Head vs vice-level - vice, assistant, or associate positions of executive level), self-identified gender, years in practice, and measures of scholarly productivity (number of publications, citations, and h-index) were compiled from institutional websites, Doximity, LinkedIn, Scopus, and official NPI profiles. The primary outcome, gender composition differences in these cohorts, was analyzed using Chi 2 while continuous data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. The adjusted gender difference for all factors was determined using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Overall, 5086 academic radiologists (34.7% women) with a median 14 years of practice (YOP) were identified and indexed. There were 919 full professors (26.1% women, p < 0.01) and 1055 executive-level leadership faculty (30.6% women, p < 0.01). Within all subspecialties except breast imaging, women were in the minority (35.4% abdominal, 79.1% breast, 12.1% interventional, 27.5% musculoskeletal, 22.8% neuroradiology, 45.1% pediatric, and 19.5% nuclear; p < 0.01). Relative to subspecialty gender composition, women full professors were underrepresented in abdominal, pediatric, and nuclear radiology (p < 0.05) and women in any executive-level leadership were underrepresented in abdominal and nuclear radiology (p < 0.05). However, after adjusting for h-index and YOP, gender did not influence rates of professorship or executive leadership. The strongest single predictors for professorship or executive leadership were h-index and YOP. Conclusion: Women academic radiologists in the United States are underrepresented among senior faculty members despite having similar levels of experience as men. Gender disparities regarding the expected number of women senior faculty members relative to individual subspecialty gender composition were more pronounced in abdominal and nuclear radiology, and less pronounced in breast and neuroradiology. Overall, h-index and YOP were the strongest predictors for full-professorship and executive leadership among faculty. Key Results: ● Though women comprise 34.7% of all academic radiologists, women are underrepresented among senior faculty members (26.1% of full professors and 30.6% of executive leadership) ● Women in junior faculty positions had higher median years of practice than their male counterparts (10 vs 8 for assistant professors, 21 vs 13 for vice leadership) ● Years of practice and h-index were the strongest predictors for full professorship and executive leadership. (Copyright © 2021 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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