Pyriproxyfen-treated bed nets reduce reproductive fitness and longevity of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae under laboratory and field conditions.

Autor: Grisales N; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.; World Mosquito Programme, Action On Poverty, Level 4, President Place, No. 93 Nguyen Du Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Lees RS; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK., Maas J; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK., Morgan JC; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK., Wangrawa DW; Centre National de Recherche Et de Formation Sur Le Paludisme (CNRFP), Rue 1847 Avenue Kunda Yonré, 01 BP 2208, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Guelbeogo WM; Centre National de Recherche Et de Formation Sur Le Paludisme (CNRFP), Rue 1847 Avenue Kunda Yonré, 01 BP 2208, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., N'Fale S; Centre National de Recherche Et de Formation Sur Le Paludisme (CNRFP), Rue 1847 Avenue Kunda Yonré, 01 BP 2208, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Lindsay SW; Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK., McCall PJ; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK., Ranson H; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK. Hilary.Ranson@lstmed.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Malaria journal [Malar J] 2021 Jun 22; Vol. 20 (1), pp. 273. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 22.
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03794-z
Abstrakt: Background: The efficacy of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) containing the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen (PPF) and pyrethroid insecticides (PPF-ITNs) is being assessed in clinical trials to determine whether they provide greater protection from malaria than standard pyrethroid-treated ITNs in areas where mosquitoes are resistant to pyrethroids. Understanding the entomological mode of action of this new ITN class will aide interpretation of the results from these trials.
Methods: Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) mosquitoes from a susceptible laboratory strain were exposed to PPF-treated netting 24 h, 6 h, and immediately prior to, or 24 h post blood feeding, and the impact on fecundity, fertility and longevity recorded. Pyrethroid-resistant populations were exposed to nets containing permethrin and PPF (PPF-ITNs) in cone bioassays and daily mortality recorded. Mosquitoes were also collected from inside houses pre- and post-distribution of PPF-ITNs in a clinical trial conduced in Burkina Faso; female An. gambiae s.l. were then assessed for fecundity and fertility.
Results: PPF exposure reduced the median adult lifespan of insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes by 4 to 5 days in all exposure times (p < 0.05) other than 6 h pre-blood meal and resulted in almost complete lifelong sterilization. The longevity of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes was also reduced by at least 5 days after exposure to PPF-ITNs compared to untreated nets, but was unaffected by exposure to standard pyrethroid only ITNs. A total of 386 blood-fed or gravid An. gambiae s.l. females were collected from five villages between 1 and 12 months before distribution of PPF-ITNs. Of these mosquitoes, 75% laid eggs and the remaining 25% appeared to have normal ovaries upon dissection. In contrast, only 8.6% of the 631 blood-fed or gravid An. gambiae s.l. collected post PPF-ITN distribution successfully oviposited; 276 (43.7%) did not oviposit but had apparently normal ovaries upon dissection, and 301 (47.7%) did not oviposit and had abnormal eggs upon dissection. Egg numbers were also significantly lower (average of 138/female prior distribution vs 85 post distribution, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Exposure to a mixture of PPF and pyrethroids on netting shortens the lifespan of mosquitoes and reduces reproductive output. Sterilization of vectors lasted at least one year under operational conditions. These findings suggest a longer effective lifespan of PPF-pyrethroid nets than reported previously.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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