| Autor: |
Lockyer EJ; Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada., Compton CT; Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada., Forman DA; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada., Pearcey GE; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.; Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.; Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, Illinois., Button DC; Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada., Power KE; Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. |
| Abstrakt: |
The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation to assess the excitability of the central nervous system to further understand the neural control of human movement is expansive. The majority of the work performed to-date has assessed corticospinal excitability either at rest or during relatively simple isometric contractions. The results from this work are not easily extrapolated to rhythmic, dynamic motor outputs, given that corticospinal excitability is task-, phase-, intensity-, direction-, and muscle-dependent (Power KE, Lockyer EJ, Forman DA, Button DC. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 43: 1176-1185, 2018). Assessing corticospinal excitability during rhythmic motor output, however, involves technical challenges that are to be overcome, or at the minimum considered, when attempting to design experiments and interpret the physiological relevance of the results. The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight the research examining corticospinal excitability during a rhythmic motor output and, importantly, to provide recommendations regarding the many factors that must be considered when designing and interpreting findings from studies that involve limb movement. To do so, the majority of work described herein refers to work performed using arm cycling (arm pedaling or arm cranking) as a model of a rhythmic motor output used to examine the neural control of human locomotion. |
