Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature.

Autor:	Denk-Lobnig M; Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA., Totz JF; Mathematics Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA., Heer NC; Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA., Dunkel J; Mathematics Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA., Martin AC; Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Development (Cambridge, England) [Development] 2021 Jun 01; Vol. 148 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 14.
DOI:	10.1242/dev.199232
Abstrakt:	During development, gene expression regulates cell mechanics and shape to sculpt tissues. Epithelial folding proceeds through distinct cell shape changes that occur simultaneously in different regions of a tissue. Here, using quantitative imaging in Drosophila melanogaster, we investigate how patterned cell shape changes promote tissue bending during early embryogenesis. We find that the transcription factors Twist and Snail combinatorially regulate a multicellular pattern of lateral F-actin density that differs from the previously described Myosin-2 gradient. This F-actin pattern correlates with whether cells apically constrict, stretch or maintain their shape. We show that the Myosin-2 gradient and F-actin depletion do not depend on force transmission, suggesting that transcriptional activity is required to create these patterns. The Myosin-2 gradient width results from a gradient in RhoA activation that is refined through the balance between RhoGEF2 and the RhoGAP C-GAP. Our experimental results and simulations of a 3D elastic shell model show that tuning gradient width regulates tissue curvature. Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. (© 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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