Characterizing Underlying Cognitive Components of ADHD Presentations and Co-morbid Diagnoses: A Diffusion Decision Model Analysis.
| Autor: | Ging-Jehli NR; The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA., Arnold LE; The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA., Roley-Roberts ME; Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA., deBeus R; University of North Carolina at Asheville, USA. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Journal of attention disorders [J Atten Disord] 2022 Mar; Vol. 26 (5), pp. 706-722. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 04. |
| DOI: | 10.1177/10870547211020087 |
| Abstrakt: | Objective: To Explore whether subtypes and comorbidities of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) induce distinct biases in cognitive components involved in information processing. Method: Performance on the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT) was compared between 150 children (aged 7 to 10) with ADHD, grouped by DSM-5 presentation (ADHD-C, ADHD-I) or co-morbid diagnoses (anxiety, oppositional defiant disorder [ODD], both, neither), and 60 children without ADHD. Diffusion decision modeling decomposed performance into cognitive components. Results: Children with ADHD had poorer information integration than controls. Children with ADHD-C were more sensitive to changes in presentation modality (auditory/visual) than those with ADHD-I and controls. Above and beyond these results, children with ADHD+anxiety+ODD had larger increases in response biases when targets became frequent than children with ADHD-only or with ADHD and one comorbidity. Conclusion: ADHD presentations and comorbidities have distinct cognitive characteristics quantifiable using DDM and IVA-CPT. We discuss implications for tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy. |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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