Long-chain omega-3 fatty acid serum concentrations across life stages in the USA: an analysis of NHANES 2011-2012.

Autor:	Murphy RA; BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada rachel.murphy@ubc.ca.; School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Devarshi PP; Pharmavite LLC, Mission Hills, California, USA., Ekimura S; Pharmavite LLC, Mission Hills, California, USA., Marshall K; Pharmavite LLC, Mission Hills, California, USA., Hazels Mitmesser S; Science and Technology, Pharmavite LLC, Mission Hills, California, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BMJ open [BMJ Open] 2021 May 10; Vol. 11 (5), pp. e043301. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 10.
DOI:	10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043301
Abstrakt:	Objective: To determine reference ranges of circulating long-chain (LC) omega-3 fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in a nationally representative population of Americans. To provide context, serum concentrations of LC omega-3 were compared with concentrations associated with consuming the recommended amount of EPA and DHA by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) and the Omega-3 Index (EPA+DHA). Design: Cross-sectional population-based study. Setting: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 cycle. Participants: Participants with fatty acids measured in serum: 945 children, age 3-19 years, and 1316 adults, age 20 and older. Main Measure: Serum EPA, DPA, DHA and sum of LC omega-3 fatty acids expressed as per cent of total fatty acids. Results: Among children, mean (SE) serum concentrations of EPA, DHA and omega-3s were 0.28% (0.01), 1.07% (0.02) and 1.75% (0.03). Among adults, mean (SE) of EPA, DHA and omega-3s were 0.61% (0.02), 1.38% (0.05) and 2.43% (0.08), all of which were significantly higher than corresponding serum fatty acid concentrations in children (p<0.001). Despite recommendations for higher intake, pregnant and/or breastfeeding women had mean (SE) EPA, DHA and LC omega-3 concentrations of 0.34% (0.07), 1.52% (0.08) and 2.18% (0.15), which were comparable to women of childbearing age; p=0.17, p=0.10 and p=0.73. Over 95% of children and 68% of adults had LC omega-3 concentrations below those associated with the DGA recommendation. Approximately 89% of adults had an Omega-3 Index in the high cardiovascular risk category. Conclusions: Contemporary reference ranges for circulating LC omega-3s are critical for setting public health recommendations. Our findings show the need for continued emphasis on regular consumption of LC omega-3s among Americans, particularly considering the importance of LC omega-3s in cardiovascular health, brain health and development throughout life. Competing Interests: Competing interests: RAM carried out the work presented in the manuscript as a consultant for Pharmavite. PPD, SE, KM and SHM are employees of Pharmavite, LLC, manufacturers and suppliers of omega-3 nutritional lipids. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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