Hormopriming to Mitigate Abiotic Stress Effects: A Case Study of N 9 -Substituted Cytokinin Derivatives With a Fluorinated Carbohydrate Moiety.

Autor:	Bryksová M; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia., Hybenová A; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia., Hernándiz AE; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia., Novák O; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia., Pěnčík A; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia., Spíchal L; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia., De Diego N; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia., Doležal K; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia.; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2020 Dec 10; Vol. 11, pp. 599228. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 10 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2020.599228
Abstrakt:	Drought and salinity reduce seed germination, seedling emergence, and early seedling establishment, affect plant metabolism, and hence, reduce crop yield. Development of technologies that can increase plant tolerance of these challenging growth conditions is a major current interest among plant scientists and breeders. Seed priming has become established as one of the practical approaches that can alleviate the negative impact of many environmental stresses and improve the germination and overall performance of crops. Hormopriming using different plant growth regulators has been widely demonstrated as effective, but information about using cytokinins (CKs) as priming agents is limited to only a few studies using kinetin or 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Moreover, the mode of action of these compounds in improving seed and plant fitness through priming has not yet been studied. For many years, BAP has been one of the CKs most commonly applied exogenously to plants to delay senescence and reduce the impact of stress. However, rapid endogenous N 9 -glucosylation of BAP can result in negative effects. This can be suppressed by hydroxylation of the benzyl ring or by appropriate N 9 purine substitution. Replacement of the 2' or 3' hydroxyl groups of a nucleoside with a fluorine atom has shown promising results in drug research and biochemistry as a means of enhancing biological activity and increasing chemical or metabolic stability. Here, we show that the application of this chemical modification in four new N 9 -substituted CK derivatives with a fluorinated carbohydrate moiety improved the antisenescence properties of CKs. Besides, detailed phenotypical analysis of the growth and development of Arabidopsis plants primed with the new CK analogs over a broad concentration range and under various environmental conditions revealed that they improve growth regulation and antistress activity. Seed priming with, for example, 6-(3-hydroxybenzylamino)-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-9-(β)-D-arabinofuranosylpurine promoted plant growth under control conditions and alleviated the negative effects of the salt and osmotic stress. The mode of action of this hormopriming and its effect on plant metabolism were further analyzed through quantification of the endogenous levels of phytohormones such as CKs, auxins and abscisic acid, and the results are discussed. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2020 Bryksová, Hybenová, Hernándiz, Novák, Pěnčík, Spíchal, De Diego and Doležal.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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