Foot-and-mouth disease virus induces PERK-mediated autophagy to suppress the antiviral interferon response.

Autor:	Ranjitha HB; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India., Ammanathan V; Autophagy Lab, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru 560064, India., Guleria N; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India., Hosamani M; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India., Sreenivasa BP; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India., Dhanesh VV; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India., Santhoshkumar R; Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru 560029, India., Sagar BKC; Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru 560029, India., Mishra BP; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India., Singh RK; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India., Sanyal A; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India., Manjithaya R; Autophagy Lab, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru 560064, India., Basagoudanavar SH; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India basagoudanavar.sh@icar.gov.in.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of cell science [J Cell Sci] 2020 Jul 09; Vol. 134 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 09.
DOI:	10.1242/jcs.240622
Abstrakt:	Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus that causes contagious acute infection in cloven-hoofed animals. FMDV replication-associated viral protein expression induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR), in turn inducing autophagy to restore cellular homeostasis. We observed that inhibition of BiP (also known as HSPA5 and GRP78), a master regulator of ER stress and UPR, decreased FMDV infection confirming their involvement. Further, we show that the FMDV infection induces UPR mainly through the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK; also known as EIF2AK3)-mediated pathway. Knockdown of PERK and chemical inhibition of PERK activation resulted in decreased expression of FMDV proteins along with the reduction of autophagy marker protein LC3B-II [the lipidated form of LC3B (also known as MAP1LC3B)]. There are conflicting reports on the role of autophagy in FMDV multiplication. Our study systematically demonstrates that during FMDV infection, PERK-mediated UPR stimulated an increased level of endogenous LC3B-II and turnover of SQSTM1, thus confirming the activation of functional autophagy. Modulation of the UPR and autophagy by pharmacological and genetic approaches resulted in reduced numbers of viral progeny, by enhancing the antiviral interferon response. Taken together, this study underscores the prospect of exploring PERK-mediated autophagy as an antiviral target. Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing or financial interests. (© 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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