Combined Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers for real-time closed-loop tissue-specific laser osteotomy.

Autor:	Abbasi H; Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland.; hamed.abbasi@unibas.ch., Beltrán Bernal LM; Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland., Hamidi A; Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland., Droneau A; Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland.; Grenoble INP, Grenoble Alpes University, Phelma, France., Canbaz F; Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland., Guzman R; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland., Jacques SL; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA., Cattin PC; Center for medical Image Analysis and Navigation (CIAN), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland., Zam A; Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland.; azhar.zam@unibas.ch.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Biomedical optics express [Biomed Opt Express] 2020 Mar 04; Vol. 11 (4), pp. 1790-1807. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 04 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.1364/BOE.385862
Abstrakt:	A novel real-time and non-destructive method for differentiating soft from hard tissue in laser osteotomy has been introduced and tested in a closed-loop fashion. Two laser beams were combined: a low energy frequency-doubled nanosecond Nd:YAG for detecting the type of tissue, and a high energy microsecond Er:YAG for ablating bone. The working principle is based on adjusting the energy of the Nd:YAG laser until it is low enough to create a microplasma in the hard tissue only (different energies are required to create plasma in different tissue types). Analyzing the light emitted from the generated microplasma enables real-time feedback to a shutter that prevents the Er:YAG laser from ablating the soft tissue. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. (© 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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