Rumen Virus Populations: Technological Advances Enhancing Current Understanding.

Autor:	Gilbert RA; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia., Townsend EM; Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom., Crew KS; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, Australia., Hitch TCA; Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany., Friedersdorff JCA; Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom., Creevey CJ; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom., Pope PB; Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.; Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway., Ouwerkerk D; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia., Jameson E; Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2020 Mar 26; Vol. 11, pp. 450. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 26 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.3389/fmicb.2020.00450
Abstrakt:	The rumen contains a multi-kingdom, commensal microbiome, including protozoa, bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses, which enables ruminant herbivores to ferment and utilize plant feedstuffs that would be otherwise indigestible. Within the rumen, virus populations are diverse and highly abundant, often out-numbering the microbial populations that they both predate on and co-exist with. To date the research effort devoted to understanding rumen-associated viral populations has been considerably less than that given to the other microbial populations, yet their contribution to maintaining microbial population balance, intra-ruminal microbial lysis, fiber breakdown, nutrient cycling and genetic transfer may be highly significant. This review follows the technological advances which have contributed to our current understanding of rumen viruses and drawing on knowledge from other environmental and animal-associated microbiomes, describes the known and potential roles and impacts viruses have on rumen function and speculates on the future directions of rumen viral research. (Copyright © 2020 Gilbert, Townsend, Crew, Hitch, Friedersdorff, Creevey, Pope, Ouwerkerk and Jameson.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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