The worldwide impact of urbanisation on avian functional diversity.

Autor: Sol D; CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, CREAF-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08193, Spain.; CREAF, Centre for Ecological Research and Applied Forestries, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08193, Spain., Trisos C; African Climate and Development Initiative (ACDI), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), University of Maryland, Annapolis, MD, USA., Múrria C; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain., Jeliazkov A; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Salle), Germany., González-Lagos C; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Pigot AL; Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK., Ricotta C; Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', 00185, Roma, Italy., Swan CM; University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA., Tobias JA; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK., Pavoine S; Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 75005, Paris, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecology letters [Ecol Lett] 2020 Jun; Vol. 23 (6), pp. 962-972. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 07.
DOI: 10.1111/ele.13495
Abstrakt: Urbanisation is driving rapid declines in species richness and abundance worldwide, but the general implications for ecosystem function and services remain poorly understood. Here, we integrate global data on bird communities with comprehensive information on traits associated with ecological processes to show that assemblages in highly urbanised environments have substantially different functional composition and 20% less functional diversity on average than surrounding natural habitats. These changes occur without significant decreases in functional dissimilarity between species; instead, they are caused by a decrease in species richness and abundance evenness, leading to declines in functional redundancy. The reconfiguration and decline of native functional diversity in cities are not compensated by the presence of exotic species but are less severe under moderate levels of urbanisation. Thus, urbanisation has substantial negative impacts on functional diversity, potentially resulting in impaired provision of ecosystem services, but these impacts can be reduced by less intensive urbanisation practices.
(© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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