| Autor: |
Subbiah M; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA., Caudell MA; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA. mcaudell@wsu.edu.; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi, Kenya. mcaudell@wsu.edu., Mair C; Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK., Davis MA; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA., Matthews L; Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK., Quinlan RJ; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA., Quinlan MB; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA., Lyimo B; Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania., Buza J; Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania., Keyyu J; Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania., Call DR; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.; Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania. |
| Abstrakt: |
Antibiotic use and bacterial transmission are responsible for the emergence, spread and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacteria, but their relative contribution likely differs across varying socio-economic, cultural, and ecological contexts. To better understand this interaction in a multi-cultural and resource-limited context, we examine the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from three ethnic groups in Tanzania. Household-level data (n = 425) was collected and bacteria isolated from people, livestock, dogs, wildlife and water sources (n = 62,376 isolates). The relative prevalence of different resistance phenotypes is similar across all sources. Multi-locus tandem repeat analysis (n = 719) and whole-genome sequencing (n = 816) of Escherichia coli demonstrate no evidence for host-population subdivision. Multivariate models show no evidence that veterinary antibiotic use increased the odds of detecting AR bacteria, whereas there is a strong association with livelihood factors related to bacterial transmission, demonstrating that to be effective, interventions need to accommodate different cultural practices and resource limitations. |
