Association between highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and hypertension in persons living with HIV/AIDS at the Bamenda regional hospital, Cameroon.

Autor: Pangmekeh PJ; University of Dschang, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dschang, Cameroon., Awolu MM; University of Dschang, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dschang, Cameroon., Gustave S; University of Dschang, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dschang, Cameroon., Gladys T; Regional Coordinator For the Fight Against HIV/AIDS North West Region, Bamenda, Cameroon., Cumber SN; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.; Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 414, SE-405 Gothenburg, Sweden.; School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Pan African medical journal [Pan Afr Med J] 2019 Jun 06; Vol. 33, pp. 87. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jun 06 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.87.15574
Abstrakt: Introduction: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the treatment of HIV infection has provided different good results: like long-term viral suppression, the decrease of opportunistic infections, and repair of the immune system.
Methods: We carried out a hospital-based cross-sectional analytic study involving 315 participants 228 were on HAART (group 1) and 87 were HAART-naïve (group 2) at the HIV treatment centre of the Bamenda regional hospital with our study population being all people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the North West region of Cameroon. The sampling was performed from the 15 th of March to the 30 th of June 2017. The questionnaire was administered face to face with participants and their vital signs taken. Blood pressure was measured using an automated electronic blood pressure monitor and hypertension (HTN) was considered as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90mmHg.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension in the HAART group was 36.44% (n=82, CI: 30.15%-43.10%) compared to that of the HAART-naïve group which was 13.33% (n=12, CI: 7.08%-22.13%, P=0.01). HAART was associated with HTN after controlling for gender, family history of hypertension, body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol consumption. The odds ratio of the HAART-treated versus the HAART-naïve was 3.86 (95% CI: 1.98-7.50). We also found an association between TDF/3TC/EFV (OR=2.83), AZT/3TC/NVP (OR=2.82), AZT/3TC+EFV (OR=3.48) and TDF/3TC+NVP (OR=2.36) and HTN whereas those on AZT+3TC+ATV/r (OR=0.84) and TDF+3TC+ATV/r (OR=0.45) were not associated to hypertension.
Conclusion: Our result suggests that blood pressure should be periodically measured and treated when necessary in PLWHIV on HAART.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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