Human impact erodes chimpanzee behavioral diversity.

Autor: Kühl HS; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. kuehl@eva.mpg.de ammie_kalan@eva.mpg.de.; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Leipzig-Jena, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Boesch C; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Kulik L; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Haas F; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Arandjelovic M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Dieguez P; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Bocksberger G; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., McElreath MB; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Agbor A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Angedakin S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Ayimisin EA; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Bailey E; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Barubiyo D; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Bessone M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Brazzola G; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Chancellor R; West Chester University, Departments of Anthropology and Sociology and Psychology, West Chester, PA 19382, USA., Cohen H; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Coupland C; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Danquah E; Department of Wildlife and Range Management, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Deschner T; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Dowd D; Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Dunn A; Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA., Egbe VE; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Eshuis H; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Goedmakers A; Chimbo Foundation, Amstel 49, 1011 PW Amsterdam, Netherlands., Granjon AC; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Head J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Hedwig D; The Aspinall Foundation, Port Lympne Wild Animal Park, Hythe, Kent, UK.; Elephant Listening Project, Bioacoustics Research Program Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA., Hermans V; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium., Imong I; Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA., Jeffery KJ; School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.; Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie 4, BP20379, Libreville, Gabon.; Institute de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Libreville, Gabon., Jones S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Royal Holloway, University of London Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK.; Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Potton Road, Sandy SG19 2DL, UK., Junker J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Kadam P; University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QG, UK., Kambere M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Kambi M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Kienast I; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Kujirakwinja D; Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA., Langergraber KE; School of Human Evolution and Social Change and Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, 900 Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA., Lapuente J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Larson B; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Lee K; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; School of Human Evolution and Social Change and Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, 900 Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA., Leinert V; Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Llana M; Instituto Jane Goodall España, Station Biologique Fouta Djallon, Dindéfélo, Région de Kédougou, Senegal., Maretti G; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Marrocoli S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Martin R; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Mbi TJ; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Meier AC; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Morgan B; Ebo Forest Research Project, BP3055, Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, Escondido, CA 92025, USA., Morgan D; Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614, USA., Mulindahabi F; Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA., Murai M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Neil E; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Niyigaba P; Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA., Ormsby LJ; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Orume R; Korup Rainforest Conservation Society, Korup National Park, P.O. Box 36 Mundemba, SW Region, Cameroon., Pacheco L; Instituto Jane Goodall España, Station Biologique Fouta Djallon, Dindéfélo, Région de Kédougou, Senegal., Piel A; School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK., Preece J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Regnaut S; Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Rundus A; West Chester University, Department of Psychology, West Chester, PA 19382, USA., Sanz C; Washington University in Saint Louis, Department of Anthropology, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA., van Schijndel J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Chimbo Foundation, Amstel 49, 1011 PW Amsterdam, Netherlands., Sommer V; University College London, Department of Anthropology, London WC1H 0BW, UK., Stewart F; School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK., Tagg N; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium., Vendras E; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Frankfurt Zoological Society, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316 Frankfurt, Germany., Vergnes V; Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Welsh A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Wessling EG; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Leipzig-Jena, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Willie J; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium.; Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium., Wittig RM; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, BP 1301, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire., Yuh YG; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Yurkiw K; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Zuberbühler K; Université de Neuchâtel, Institut de Biologie, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.; School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, Scotland, UK., Kalan AK; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. kuehl@eva.mpg.de ammie_kalan@eva.mpg.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2019 Mar 29; Vol. 363 (6434), pp. 1453-1455. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Mar 07.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aau4532
Abstrakt: Chimpanzees possess a large number of behavioral and cultural traits among nonhuman species. The "disturbance hypothesis" predicts that human impact depletes resources and disrupts social learning processes necessary for behavioral and cultural transmission. We used a dataset of 144 chimpanzee communities, with information on 31 behaviors, to show that chimpanzees inhabiting areas with high human impact have a mean probability of occurrence reduced by 88%, across all behaviors, compared to low-impact areas. This behavioral diversity loss was evident irrespective of the grouping or categorization of behaviors. Therefore, human impact may not only be associated with the loss of populations and genetic diversity, but also affects how animals behave. Our results support the view that "culturally significant units" should be integrated into wildlife conservation.
(Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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