Effects of a Hypocaloric, Nutritionally Complete, Higher Protein Meal Plan on Regional Body Fat and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Older Adults with Obesity.

Autor:	Serra MC; Department of Medicine, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, mserra@emory.edu., Beavers DP; Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA., Henderson RM; Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA., Kelleher JL; Department of Medicine, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Kiel JR; Medifast, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Beavers KM; Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of nutrition & metabolism [Ann Nutr Metab] 2019; Vol. 74 (2), pp. 149-155. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 12.
DOI:	10.1159/000497066
Abstrakt:	Background: Whether improvements in cardiometabolic health following weight loss (WL) are associated with changes in regional body fat distribution (gluteal vs. -android) is not well documented. Methods: Older (age: 70 ± 4 years; mean ± SD) adults with obesity were randomized to a 6-month WL program (WL; n = 47), accomplished using a hypocaloric, nutritionally complete, higher protein -(targeting ≥1.0 g/kg/day) meal plan, or a weight stability (WS; n = 49) program. Android, gynoid, visceral, and subcutaneous abdominal fat masses (via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ) and fasting glucose and lipid profiles were assessed at baseline and 6 months. Results: The WL group lost more body weight (WL: -8.6% vs. WS: -1.7%, p < 0.01), resulting in a reduction in fat mass at each region only following WL (all p < 0.05). The decline in the ratio of android/gynoid fat mass also was significant only following WL, resulting in greater declines than WS (mean [95% CI]; WL: -0.026 [-0.040 to -0.011] vs. WS: 0.003 [-0.012 to 0.019] g, p < 0.01). The change in the ratio of visceral/subcutaneous abdominal fat mass was not significant in either group and did not differ between groups (WL: 0.65 [-0.38 to 1.68] vs. WS: 0.05 [-1.00 to 1.10] g, p = 0.42). In general, the improvements in glucose and lipid profiles were associated with declines in fat mass at the gynoid and android regions (r's = 0.20-0.42, all p < 0.05), particularly the visceral depot but not the ratios. Conclusion: WL achieved via a hypocaloric, nutritionally complete, higher protein meal plan is effective in reducing body fat in the android, gynoid, and visceral depots, which relate to cardiometabolic improvements. (© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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