Improving energy efficiency of electrochemical blackwater disinfection through sequential reduction of suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand.

Autor:	Hawkins BT; Center for WaSH-AID, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA., Rogers TW; Triangle Environmental Health Initiative, Durham, NC, 27701, USA., Davey CJ; Cranfield Water Sciences Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK., Stoner MH; Center for WaSH-AID, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA., McAdam EJ; Cranfield Water Sciences Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK., Stoner BR; Center for WaSH-AID, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Gates open research [Gates Open Res] 2019 Jan 23; Vol. 2, pp. 50. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 23 (Print Publication: 2018).
DOI:	10.12688/gatesopenres.12873.2
Abstrakt:	Onsite reuse of blackwater requires removal of considerable amounts of suspended solids and organic material in addition to inactivation of pathogens. Previously, we showed that electrochemical treatment could be used for effective pathogen inactivation in blackwater, but was inadequate to remove solids and organics to emerging industry standards. Further, we found that as solids and organics accumulate with repeated recycling, electrochemical treatment becomes less energetically sustainable. Here, we describe a pilot study in which concentrated blackwater is pretreated with ultrafiltration and granular activated carbon prior to electrochemical disinfection, and show that this combination of treatments removes 75-99% of chemical oxygen demand, 92-100% of total suspended solids, and improves the energy efficiency of electrochemical blackwater treatment by an order of magnitude. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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