Immunity to gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants: effector cell mechanisms and cytokines.

Autor: Hendawy SHM; Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology [J Parasit Dis] 2018 Dec; Vol. 42 (4), pp. 471-482. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Aug 09.
DOI: 10.1007/s12639-018-1023-x
Abstrakt: Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) of ruminants are prevalent and have major economic impacts worldwide. The insight studies of immune responses triggered against GINs are of great concern to understand interaction between host's immune system and parasite. T-helper 2 cytokines drive the effector cell mechanisms which include eosinophils and mast cells. The immune responses are controlled by Th2 secreted interleukins (IL); IL3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-13. B-Cell immune response is incorporated in defense mechanisms developed against GINs specially immunoglobulins (Ig); IgA, IgE and IgG. The immune resistance of the infected host is presented by failure of larval establishment or hypobiosis, low worm burden and decreased female fecundity. The host-parasite interaction is a complex series that affected by host's genetic constitution, nutrition, age and physiological status. The GINs have different immune evasion mechanisms to improve their survival within the host. Also, management of the host influences GINs parasitism. Thus, the aim of this review is to highlight the hallmarks of immune responses that endorse GINs parasitism. The insights studies of the triggered immune responses developed against GINs will improve the appropriate protective immune strategy.
Competing Interests: The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.This review article is prepared and presented by the author in accordance with the ethical standards.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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