Carnauba wax as a wall material for urea microencapsulation.

Autor: de Medeiros TTB; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., de Azevedo Silva AM; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., da Silva AL; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., Bezerra LR; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., da Silva Agostini DL; Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, State University of São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil., de Oliveira DLV; Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Mazzetto SE; Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Kotzebue LRV; Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Oliveira JR; Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Souto GSB; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., de Barros Carvalho A; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., Netto AJ; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil., Oliveira RL; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of the science of food and agriculture [J Sci Food Agric] 2019 Feb; Vol. 99 (3), pp. 1078-1087. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 24.
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9275
Abstrakt: Background: The high ureolytic activity of rumen microbiota is a concern when urea is used in ruminant feed, because it leads to fast urea conversion, resulting in possible intoxication and lower nitrogen utilization. This study intended to microencapsulate urea using carnauba wax to obtain slow-release systems in the rumen. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial, with the urea encapsulated with carnauba wax in ratios of 1 : 2; 1 : 3, and 1 : 4 (U ME 2; U ME 3, and U ME 4) and two particles sizes (small, P S ; and large, P L ).
Results: All formulations showed excellent properties, including inhibition of urea hygroscopicity. The formulation U ME 2 exhibited the greatest yield (91.6%) and microencapsulation efficiency (99.6%) values, whereas the formulation U ME 4 presented the greatest thermal stability (259.5 °C) and lowest moisture content (1.81%). The U ME 2 formulation presented a slower release than the other U ME formulations studied.
Conclusion: The production of urea microspheres using carnauba wax was successful for all microencapsulated systems developed, evidencing the promising potential for use in ruminant animal diets. The U ME 2 formulation with large particles is the most recommended because it permitted greater resistance to microbial attack, allowing a slower release of urea into the rumen, reducing the risk of intoxication or ruminal alkalosis. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
(© 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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