| Autor: |
Shotyk W; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 348B South Academic Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1, Canada. Electronic address: shotyk@ualberta.ca., Bicalho B; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1, Canada. Electronic address: bicalho@ualberta.ca., Grant-Weaver I; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1, Canada. Electronic address: igrantwe@ualberta.ca., Stachiw S; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1, Canada. Electronic address: stachiw@ualberta.ca. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2019 Feb 10; Vol. 650 (Pt 1), pp. 1652-1663. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 14. |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.248 |
| Abstrakt: |
Trace elements in native cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus) were compared with the underlying Sphagnum moss on which it grows, from two remote ombrotrophic (rain-fed) peat bogs in northern Alberta, Canada. The purpose of the comparison was to distinguish between dust inputs to the berries versus plant uptake from the substrate, and to determine the natural abundance of trace elements in native berries. Using Al as an indicator of the abundance of soil-derived mineral particles, the abundance of dust on the surface of the berries is 20 to 29× lower than that of the substrate (moss). Other lithophile elements (V, Cr, Co, Ga, Li and Y) show similar differences between moss and berry. The concentrations of Rb and Ba in berries were similar to moss and Sr within a factor of 3 to 4×, probably reflecting passive uptake of these lithophile elements by the plants, even though they have no known physiological function. Of the micronutrients examined (Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Mo), Cu and Mn were more abundant in berries than moss, Ni and Zn yielded similar concentrations in both whereas Fe followed by Mo showed the greatest concentration difference. For these micronutrients, uptake by the plants through their roots via the substrate (moss and peat) outweighs contributions from atmospheric dusts. In respect to potentially toxic "heavy metals", Pb concentrations in the moss (BMW, 89 ± 7.3 μg/kg; CMW, 93 ± 27 μg/kg) are below the natural, "background" values reported for ancient layers of Swiss peat from the mid-Holocene (>6000 years old). The Pb concentrations in the berries, however, are 19 to 47× lower than in the underlying moss indicating that Pb in the berries, like Al, is exclusively supplied by dust. Cadmium in the berries is at or above the level found in moss due to active uptake by the plants from the substrate, most likely because of the chemical similarity of this element to Zn. Silver, Sb and Tl in the berries were (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.) |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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Full Text from ScienceDirect