A reassessment of the early archaeological record at Leang Burung 2, a Late Pleistocene rock-shelter site on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.

Autor: Brumm A; Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Hakim B; Balai Arkeologi Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia., Ramli M; Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya, Jambi, Indonesia., Aubert M; Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; Place, Evolution and Rock Art Heritage Unit (PERAHU), Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia., van den Bergh GD; Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia., Li B; Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia., Burhan B; Independent Archaeologist, Makassar, Indonesia., Saiful AM; Balai Arkeologi Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia., Siagian L; Museum Kepresidenan Republik Indonesia Balai Kirti, Paledang-Bogor, Indonesia., Sardi R; Balai Arkeologi Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia., Jusdi A; Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya, Makassar, Indonesia., Abdullah; Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya, Makassar, Indonesia., Mubarak AP; Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya, Makassar, Indonesia., Moore MW; Stone Tools and Cognition Hub, School of Humanities, Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia., Roberts RG; Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.; ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia., Zhao JX; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., McGahan D; Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Jones BG; School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia., Perston Y; Stone Tools and Cognition Hub, School of Humanities, Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia., Szabó K; Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia., Mahmud MI; Balai Arkeologi Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia., Westaway K; Department of Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Jatmiko; ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.; Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional (ARKENAS), Jakarta, Indonesia., Saptomo EW; ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.; Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional (ARKENAS), Jakarta, Indonesia., van der Kaars S; Cluster Earth & Climate, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia., Grün R; Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia., Wood R; Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia., Dodson J; School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Yanta District, Shaanxi, China., Morwood MJ; Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2018 Apr 11; Vol. 13 (4), pp. e0193025. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Apr 11 (Print Publication: 2018).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193025
Abstrakt: This paper presents a reassessment of the archaeological record at Leang Burung 2, a key early human occupation site in the Late Pleistocene of Southeast Asia. Excavated originally by Ian Glover in 1975, this limestone rock-shelter in the Maros karsts of Sulawesi, Indonesia, has long held significance in our understanding of early human dispersals into 'Wallacea', the vast zone of oceanic islands between continental Asia and Australia. We present new stratigraphic information and dating evidence from Leang Burung 2 collected during the course of our excavations at this site in 2007 and 2011-13. Our findings suggest that the classic Late Pleistocene modern human occupation sequence identified previously at Leang Burung 2, and proposed to span around 31,000 to 19,000 conventional 14C years BP (~35-24 ka cal BP), may actually represent an amalgam of reworked archaeological materials. Sources for cultural materials of mixed ages comprise breccias from the rear wall of the rock-shelter-remnants of older, eroded deposits dated to 35-23 ka cal BP-and cultural remains of early Holocene antiquity. Below the upper levels affected by the mass loss of Late Pleistocene deposits, our deep-trench excavations uncovered evidence for an earlier hominin presence at the site. These findings include fossils of now-extinct proboscideans and other 'megafauna' in stratified context, as well as a cobble-based stone artifact technology comparable to that produced by late Middle Pleistocene hominins elsewhere on Sulawesi.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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