Representational Uncertainty in the Brain During Threat Conditioning and the Link With Psychopathic Traits.

Autor: Brazil IA; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Forensic Psychiatric Centre Pompestichting, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Psychology, Behaviour, & Achievement, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom. Electronic address: i.brazil@donders.ru.nl., Mathys CD; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy., Popma A; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Criminal Law & Criminology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands., Hoppenbrouwers SS; Department of Clinical Psychology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Cohn MD; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging [Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging] 2017 Nov; Vol. 2 (8), pp. 689-695. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Apr 22.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.04.005
Abstrakt: Background: Psychopathy has repeatedly been linked to disturbed associative learning from aversive events (i.e., threat conditioning). Optimal threat conditioning requires the generation of internal representations of stimulus-outcome contingencies and the rate with which these may change. Because mental representations are imperfect, there will always be uncertainty about the accuracy of representations in the brain (i.e., representational uncertainty). However, it remains unclear 1) to what extent threat conditioning is susceptible to different types of uncertainty in representations about contingencies during the acquisition phase and 2) how representational uncertainty relates to psychopathic features.
Methods: A computational model was applied to functional neuroimaging data to estimate uncertainty in representations of contingencies (CoUn) and the rate of change of contingencies (RUn), respectively, from brain activation during the acquisition phase of threat conditioning in 132 adolescents at risk of developing antisocial personality profiles. Next, the associations between these two types of representational uncertainty and psychopathy-related dimensions were examined.
Results: The left and right amygdala activations were associated with CoUn, while the bilateral insula and the right amygdala were associated with RUn. Different patterns of relationships were found between psychopathic features and each type of uncertainty. Callous-unemotional traits and impulsive-irresponsible traits uniquely predicted increased CoUn, while only impulsive-irresponsible traits predicted increased RUn.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that 1) the insula and amygdala differ in how these regions are affected by different types of representational uncertainty during threat conditioning and 2) CoUn and RUn have different patterns of relationships with psychopathy-related dimensions.
(Copyright © 2017 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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