Leprosy Reactions in Patients Coinfected with HIV: Clinical Aspects and Outcomes in Two Comparative Cohorts in the Amazon Region, Brazil.

Autor: Pires CA; Department of Dermatology, Division of Tropical Skin Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Dermatology, Division of Tropical Skin Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil., Jucá Neto FO; Department of Dermatology, Division of Tropical Skin Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil., de Albuquerque NC; Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Tropical Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil., Macedo GM; Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Tropical Diseases, Section of Epidemiological Vigilance, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil., Batista Kde N; Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Tropical Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil., Xavier MB; Department of Dermatology, Division of Tropical Skin Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Dermatology, Division of Tropical Skin Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Tropical Diseases, Section of Leprosy, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2015 Jun 01; Vol. 9 (6), pp. e0003818. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jun 01 (Print Publication: 2015).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003818
Abstrakt: Background: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, can lead to scarring and deformities. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lymphotropic virus with high rates of replication, leads to cell death in various stages of infection. These diseases have major social and quality of life costs, and although the relevance of their comorbidity is recognized, several aspects are still not fully understood.
Methodology/principal Findings: Two cohorts of patients with leprosy in an endemic region of the Amazon were observed. We compared 40 patients with leprosy and HIV (Group 1) and 107 leprosy patients with no comorbidity (Group 2) for a minimum of 2 years. Group 1 predominantly experienced the paucibacillary classification, accounting for 70% of cases, whereas Group 2 primarily experienced the multibacillary classification (80.4% of cases). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of leprosy reactions among the two groups (37.5% for Group 1 vs. 56.1% for Group 2), and the most frequent reaction was Type 1. The appearance of Group 1 patients' reversal reaction skin lesions was consistent with each clinical form: typically erythematous and infiltrated, with similar progression as those patients without HIV, which responded to prednisone. Patients in both groups primarily experienced a single episode (73.3% in Group 1 and 75% in Group 2), and Group 1 had shorter reaction periods (≤3 months; 93.3%), moderate severity (80%), with 93.3% of the patients in the state of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and 46.7% presenting the reaction at the time of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
Conclusions/significance: This study used a large sample and makes a significant contribution to the clinical outcomes of patients in the reactive state with comorbid HIV and leprosy. The data indicate that these diseases, although concurrent, have independent courses.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: