Prenatal exposure of guinea pigs to the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos disrupts the structural and functional integrity of the brain.

Autor: Mullins RJ; Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Xu S; Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Core for Translational Research in Imaging, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Pereira EF; Division of Translational Toxicology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Pescrille JD; Division of Translational Toxicology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Todd SW; Division of Translational Toxicology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Mamczarz J; Division of Translational Toxicology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Albuquerque EX; Division of Translational Toxicology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States., Gullapalli RP; Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Core for Translational Research in Imaging, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. Electronic address: rgullapalli@umm.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neurotoxicology [Neurotoxicology] 2015 May; Vol. 48, pp. 9-20. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Feb 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.02.002
Abstrakt: This study was designed to test the hypothesis that prenatal exposure of guinea pigs to the organophosphorus (OP) pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) disrupts the structural and functional integrity of the brain. Pregnant guinea pigs were injected with chlorpyrifos (25 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle (peanut oil) once per day for 10 consecutive days, starting approximately on the 50th day of gestation. Cognitive behavior of female offspring was examined starting at 40-45 post-natal days (PND) using the Morris water maze (MWM), and brain structural integrity was analyzed at PND 70 using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods, including T2-weighted anatomical scans and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). The offspring of exposed mothers had significantly decreased body weight and brain volume, particularly in the frontal regions of the brain including the striatum. Furthermore, the offspring demonstrated significant spatial learning deficits in MWM recall compared to the vehicle group. Diffusion measures revealed reduced white matter integrity within the striatum and amygdala that correlated with spatial learning performance. These findings reveal the lasting effect of prenatal exposure to CPF as well as the danger of mother to child transmission of CPF in the environment.
(Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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