| Autor: |
Al-Salem WS; Department of Parasitology,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA,UK., Ferreira DM; Department of Clinical Sciences,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA,UK., Dyer NA; Department of Parasitology,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA,UK., Alyamani EJ; National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia., Balghonaim SM; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Al-Mehna AY; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Al-Zubiany S; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Ibrahim el-K; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Al Shahrani AM; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Alkhuailed H; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Aldahan MA; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Al Jarallh AM; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Abdelhady SS; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Al-Zahrani MH; Saudi Ministry of Health,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Almeida IC; Department of Biological Sciences,The Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas,El Paso, Texas 79968,USA., Acosta-Serrano A; Department of Parasitology,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA,UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is mainly caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica parasites. Diagnosis of CL is predominately made by clinicians, who at times fail to detect the disease and are unable to identify parasite species. Here, we report the development of a chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CL-ELISA) to measure the levels of anti-α-galactosyl antibodies in human sera. Using this assay, we have found that individuals infected with either Leishmania spp. had significantly elevated levels (up to 9-fold higher) of anti-α-Gal IgG compared to healthy control individuals. The assay sensitivity was 96% for L. major (95% CI; 94-98%) and 91% for L. tropica (95% CI; 86-98%) infections and therefore equivalent to restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction analysis of parasite ITS1 gene. In addition, the assay had higher sensitivity than microscopy analysis, which only detected 68 and 45% of the L. major and L. tropica infections, respectively. Interestingly, up to 2 years following confirmed CL cure individuals had 28-fold higher levels of anti-α-Gal IgG compared to healthy volunteers. Monitoring levels of anti-α-Gal antibodies can be exploited as both a diagnostic tool and as a biomarker of cure of Old World CL in disease elimination settings. |
