Brazil nuts are subject to infection with B and G aflatoxin-producing fungus, Aspergillus pseudonomius.

Autor: Massi FP; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, Londrina 86051-990, Brazil. Electronic address: fernanda_pm87@hotmail.com., Vieira ML; Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz' USP, P.O. Box 83, Piracicaba 13400-970, Brazil. Electronic address: mlcvieir@usp.br., Sartori D; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, Londrina 86051-990, Brazil. Electronic address: danibiosart@gmail.com., Penha RE; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, Londrina 86051-990, Brazil. Electronic address: rafael.penhaes@gmail.com., de Freitas Munhoz C; Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz' USP, P.O. Box 83, Piracicaba 13400-970, Brazil. Electronic address: carlamunhozbio@gmail.com., Ferreira JM; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, Londrina 86051-990, Brazil. Electronic address: josuemf@uel.br., Iamanaka BT; Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, P.O. Box 139, Campinas 13070-178, Brazil. Electronic address: beatriz@ital.sp.gov.br., Taniwaki MH; Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, P.O. Box 139, Campinas 13070-178, Brazil. Electronic address: marta@ital.gov.br., Frisvad JC; Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. Electronic address: jcf@bio.dtu.dk., Fungaro MH; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, Londrina 86051-990, Brazil. Electronic address: mariafungaro@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of food microbiology [Int J Food Microbiol] 2014 Sep 01; Vol. 186, pp. 14-21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Jun 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.06.006
Abstrakt: The exploitation of the Brazil nut is one of the most important activities of the extractive communities of the Amazon rainforest. However, its commercialization can be affected by the presence of aflatoxins produced by fungi, namely Aspergillus section Flavi. In the present study, we investigated a collection of Aspergillus nomius strains isolated from Brazil nuts using different approaches, including morphological characters, RAPD and AFLP profiles, partial β-tubulin and calmodulin nucleotide sequences, aflatoxin patterns, as well as tolerance to low water activity in cultured media. Results showed that most of the isolates do belong to A. nomius species, but a few were re-identified as Aspergillus pseudonomius, a very recently described species. The results of the analyses of molecular variance, as well as the high pairwise FST values between A. nomius and A. pseudonomius suggested the isolation between these two species and the inexistence of gene flow. Fixed interspecific nucleotide polymorphisms at β-tubulin and calmodulin loci are presented. All A. pseudonomius strains analyzed produced aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2. This study contains the first-ever report on the occurrence in Brazil nuts of A. pseudonomius. The G-type aflatoxins and the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid are reported here for the first time in A. pseudonomius.
(Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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