Comparative toxicity of two glyphosate-based formulations to Eisenia andrei under laboratory conditions.

Autor: Piola L; Toxicology and Legal Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, 4° piso, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina., Fuchs J, Oneto ML, Basack S, Kesten E, Casabé N
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2013 Apr; Vol. 91 (4), pp. 545-51. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Jan 18.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.036
Abstrakt: Glyphosate-based products are the leading post-emergent agricultural herbicides in the world, particularly in association with glyphosate tolerant crops. However, studies on the effects of glyphosate-based formulations on terrestrial receptors are scarce. This study was conducted to evaluate the comparative toxicity of two glyphosate-based products: Roundup FG (monoammonium salt, 72% acid equivalent, glyphosate-A) and Mon 8750 (monoammonium salt, 85.4% acid equivalent, glyphosate-B), towards the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Median lethal concentration (LC50) showed that glyphosate-A was 4.5-fold more toxic than glyphosate-B. Sublethal concentrations caused a concentration-dependent weight loss, consistent with the reported effect of glyphosate as uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. Glyphosate-A showed deleterious effects on DNA and lysosomal damage at concentrations close to the applied environmental concentrations (14.4 μg ae cm(-2)). With glyphosate-B toxic effects were observed at higher doses, close to its LC50, suggesting that the higher toxicity of formulate A could be attributed to the effects of some of the so-called "inert ingredients", either due to a direct intrinsic toxicity, or to an enhancement in the bioavailability and/or bioaccumulation of the active ingredient. Our results highlight the importance of ecotoxicological assessment not only of the active ingredients, but also of the different formulations usually employed in agricultural practices.
(Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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