Prospective study on incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcome of osteonecrosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Autor:	te Winkel ML; Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Dr Molewaterplein 60, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Pieters R, Hop WC, de Groot-Kruseman HA, Lequin MH, van der Sluis IM, Bökkerink JP, Leeuw JA, Bruin MC, Egeler RM, Veerman AJ, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology [J Clin Oncol] 2011 Nov 01; Vol. 29 (31), pp. 4143-50. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Sep 26.
DOI:	10.1200/JCO.2011.37.3217
Abstrakt:	Purpose: We studied cumulative incidence, risk factors, therapeutic strategies, and outcome of symptomatic osteonecrosis in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Patients and Methods: Cumulative incidence of osteonecrosis was assessed prospectively in 694 patients treated with the dexamethasone-based Dutch Child Oncology Group-ALL9 protocol. Osteonecrosis was defined by development of symptoms (National Cancer Institute grade 2 to 4) during treatment or within 1 year after treatment discontinuation, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated risk factors for osteonecrosis using logistic multivariate regression. To describe outcome, we reviewed clinical and radiologic information after antileukemic treatment 1 year or more after osteonecrosis diagnosis. Results: Cumulative incidence of osteonecrosis at 3 years was 6.1%. After adjustment for treatment center, logistic multivariate regression identified age (odds ratio [OR], 1.47; P < .01) and female sex (OR, 2.23; P = .04) as independent risk factors. Median age at diagnosis of ALL in patients with osteonecrosis was 13.5 years, compared with 4.7 years in those without. In 21 (55%) of 38 patients with osteonecrosis, chemotherapy was adjusted. Seven patients (18%) underwent surgery: five joint-preserving procedures and two total-hip arthroplasties. Clinical follow-up of 35 patients was evaluated; median follow-up was 4.9 years. In 14 patients (40%), symptoms completely resolved; 14 (40%) had symptoms interfering with function but not with activities of daily living (ADLs; grade 2); seven (20%) had symptoms interfering with ADLs (grade 3). In 24 patients, radiologic follow-up was available; in six (25%), lesions improved/disappeared; in 13 (54%), lesions remained stable; five (21%) had progressive lesions. Conclusion: Six percent of pediatric patients with ALL developed symptomatic osteonecrosis during or shortly after treatment. Older age and female sex were risk factors. After a median follow-up of 5 years, 60% of patients had persistent symptoms.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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