Risk factors and outcome of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae bloodstream infections.

Autor: Qureshi ZA; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA., Paterson DL, Pakstis DL, Adams-Haduch JM, Sandkovsky G, Sordillo E, Polsky B, Peleg AY, Bhussar MK, Doi Y
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of antimicrobial agents [Int J Antimicrob Agents] 2011 Jan; Vol. 37 (1), pp. 26-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Nov 13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.09.009
Abstrakt: Enterobacter cloacae is a major nosocomial pathogen that causes serious infections, including bloodstream infections (BSIs). The clinical significance of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production in E. cloacae is not well established. A multicentre, retrospective, cohort study was conducted to identify clinical characteristics of patients with E. cloacae BSI. ESBL production was confirmed by genotypic methods. A total of 159 patients with E. cloacae BSI were identified at three medical centres in north-eastern USA. Amongst them, 16 patients (10.1%) harboured ESBL-producing E. cloacae. Independent risk factors for ESBL production included admission from a nursing home, the presence of a gastrostomy tube and history of transplant. For the outcome analysis, 15 consecutive patients who had ESBL-producing E. cloacae BSI prior to the study were included. Amongst the 31 patients with ESBL-producing E. cloacae, 8, 9, 4 and 2 patients received a carbapenem, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam and ciprofloxacin, respectively, as initial therapy. All patients who received a carbapenem (n=8) were alive at 28 days, whereas 7 (38.9%) of 18 patients who received a non-carbapenem antibiotic did not survive (P=0.06). Clinical failure at 96 h was observed in 2 (25.0%) of 8 patients who received a carbapenem and in 14 (77.8%) of 18 patients who received a non-carbapenem antibiotic (P=0.03). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed little clonality amongst the study isolates. The majority of isolates produced SHV-type ESBL, whereas two isolates produced CTX-M-type ESBL. Initial therapy with a carbapenem appears to be associated with improved clinical outcome in BSI due to ESBL-producing E. cloacae.
(Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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