| Autor: |
Ancelet, T.1 t.ancelet@gns.cri.nz, Davy, P. K.2 p.davy@gns.cri.nz, Trompetter, W. J.2 b.trompetter@gns.cri.nz, Markwitz, A.2 a.markwitz@gns.cri.nz, Weatherburn, D. C.3 david.weatherburn@vuw.ac.nz |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Air Quality & Climate Change. May2011, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p21-27. 7p. 4 Black and White Photographs, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs. |
| Abstrakt: |
Particulate matter emissions associated with the combustion of three wood species commonly burned in New Zealand were measured and the concentrations of particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and inorganic elements were determined under different operating conditions. Samples were analysed for elemental content by Ion Beam Analysis techniques and particle-phase PAH concentrations were determined by thermal desorption GC/MS. Scanning Electron Microscopy -- Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used to investigate particle morphology, size distribution and individual particle elemental composition. The analysis revealed that black carbon and organic carbon comprised the majority of particulate matter mass emissions, with approximately 4% of emissions made up of inorganic species. PAH emission factors were found to vary greatly with a maximum total PAH emission factor of 452 mg kg-1 wood burned under one set of operating conditions. Wood type and burner operating condition were found to have a significant effect on the concentration of particle-bound PAHs released in wood smoke, for example, average benzo[a]pyrene emission factors were determined to be 6 and 1 mg kg-1 for softwood and hardwood respectively. Startup and low burn operating conditions were found to produce the highest concentrations of particle-bound PAHs, while high burn operating conditions produced the most significant quantities of inorganic elements. Analysis of individual particle composition by SEM-EDS revealed that operating conditions and wood type play significant roles in particle size distribution and morphology, with softwood emissions forming an amorphous coating on the filters, while hardwood emissions were sparsely disbursed amorphous clusters of small spherules. The data presented in this study improves the current knowledge base for pollutants emitted from wood combustion and their emission factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
GreenFILE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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