Benefits and Costs of Pesticide Use in U.S. Food Production.

Autor:	Pimentel, David1, Krummel, John, Gallahan, David, Hough, Judy, Merrill, Alfred, Schreiner, Ilse, Vittum, Pat, Koziol, Fred, Back, Ephraim, Yen, Doreen, Fiance, Sandy
Předmět:	*Food production *Pesticides *Application of pesticides *Pest control *Agricultural chemicals *Agricultural pests *Spraying & dusting in agriculture Cost control Economics
Zdroj:	BioScience. Dec1978, Vol. 28 Issue 12, p772-784. 8p.
Abstrakt:	The article presents information on benefits and costs of pesticide use in U.S. Food Production. About 1 billion pounds of pesticides are used annually in the United States in an effort to control crop pests. Dollar returns have been estimated at from $3 to $5 for every $1 invested in pesticidal control of pests. Chemical control in U.S. crop production costs is estimated at $2.2 billion annually, with a gross return calculated to be $8.7 billion. The pesticide costs include human pesticide poisonings and fatalities, reduction of fish and wildlife populations and livestock losses. The increased human food energy loss without pesticides was estimated at 5%.
Databáze:	GreenFILE
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