Adequacy of Current State Setbacks for Directional High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays.

Autor:	Haley, Marsha1 haleym@upmc.edu, McCawley, Michael2, Epstein, Anne C.3, Arrington, Bob4, Ferrell Bjerke, Elizabeth5
Předmět:	*Shale gas reservoirs *Hydraulic fracturing *Industrial pollution *Air pollution *Environmental health *Fossil fuels *Mineral industries *Public health Lung diseases Government policy Volatization
Zdroj:	Environmental Health Perspectives. Sep2016, Vol. 124 Issue 9, p1323-1333. 11p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Abstrakt:	BACKGROUND: There is an increasing awareness of the multiple potential pathways leading to human health risks from hydraulic fracturing. Setback distances are a legislative method to mitigate potential risks. OBJECTIVES: We attempted to determine whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are adequate in three shale plays. METHODS: We reviewed geography, current statutes and regulations, evacuations, thermal modeling, air pollution studies, and vapor cloud modeling within the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays. DISCUSSION: The evidence suggests that presently utilized setbacks may leave the public vulnerable to explosions, radiant heat, toxic gas clouds, and air pollution from hydraulic fracturing activities. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that setbacks may not be sufficient to reduce potential threats to human health in areas where hydraulic fracturing occurs. It is more likely that a combination of reasonable setbacks with controls for other sources of pollution associated with the process will be required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	GreenFILE
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