Use of a Cumulative Exposure Index to Estimate the Impact of Tap Water Lead Concentration on Blood Lead Levels in 1- to 5-Year-Old Children (Montréal, Canada).

Autor:	Ngueta, Gerard^1,2, Abdous, Belkacem^1,2, Tardif, Robert³, St-Laurent, Julie¹, Levallois, Patrick^1,2,4 Patrick.Levallois@msp.ulaval.ca
Předmět:	Dose-response relationship in biochemistry Dust Lead Mass spectrometry Water supply Environmental exposure Paint Age distribution Algorithms Analysis of variance Collection & preservation of biological specimens Blood testing Confidence intervals Research funding Sex distribution T-test (Statistics) Multiple regression analysis Human research subjects Patient selection Descriptive statistics Children
Zdroj:	Environmental Health Perspectives. Mar2016, Vol. 124 Issue 3, p388-395. 8p. 3 Charts.
Abstrakt:	BACKGROUND: Drinking water is recognized as a source of lead (Pb) exposure. However, questions remain about the impact of chronic exposure to lead-contaminated water on internal dose. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to estimate the relation between a cumulative water Pb exposure index (CWLEI) and blood Pb levels (BPb) in children 1-5 years of ages. METHODS: Between 10 September 2009 and 27 March 2010, individual characteristics and water consumption data were obtained from 298 children. Venous blood samples were collected (one per child) and a total of five 1-L samples of water per home were drawn from the kitchen tap. A second round of water collection was performed between 22 June 2011 and 6 September 2011 on a subsample of houses. Pb analyses used inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Multiple linear regressions were used to estimate the association between CWLEI and BPb. RESULTS: Each 1-unit increase in CWLEI multiplies the expected value of BPb by 1.10 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.15) after adjustment for confounders. Mean BPb was significantly higher in children in the upper third and fourth quartiles of CWLEI (0.7--1.9 and ≥ 1.9 µg/kg of body weight) compared with the first (< 0.2 µg/kg) after adjusting for confounders (19%; 95% CI: 0, 42% and 39%; 95% CI: 15, 67%, respectively). The trends analysis yielded a p-value < 0.0001 after adjusting for confounders suggesting a dose--response relationship between percentiles of CWLEI and BPb. CONCLUSIONS: In children 1--5 years of age, BPb was significantly associated with water lead concentration with an increase starting at a cumulative lead exposure of ≥ 0.7 µg Pb/kg of body weight. In this age group, an increase of 1 µg/L in water lead would result in an increase of 35% of BPb after 150 days of exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	GreenFILE
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