Clinical Management of Hospitalized Patients With High-Consequence Infectious Diseases in England.

Autor: Alonso A; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Cohen J; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Cole J; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Emonts M; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Karunaharan N; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Meadows C; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., O'Hara G; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Owens S; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Payne B; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Porter D; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Ratcliffe L; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Riordan A; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Schmid ML; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Sinha R; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Tunbridge A; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Whittaker E; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Beadsworth M; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London., Dunning J; Alejandra Alonso, MPH, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Jonathan Cohen, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Evelina London Children's Hospital; Chris Meadows, FRCP, is a Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and ECMO, Department of Critical Care, St Thomas' Hospital; and Geraldine O'Hara, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Thomas' Hospital; all with Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jonathan Cohen is also a Consultant, Department of Women and Children's Health, and Chris Meadows is also an Honorary Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine; both at St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, London. Joby Cole, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Acute Medicine, and Anne J. Tunbridge, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield. Marieke Emonts, PhD, and Stephen Owens, PhD, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children's Hospital; Brendan A. I. Payne, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Virology, and Matthias L. Schmid, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary; all with the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne. Marieke Emonts is also an Honorary Professor, Paediatric Infectious Diseases, and Brendan A. I. Payne is also an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer; both at the Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Natasha Karunaharan, MRCPath, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Jake Dunning, PhD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases; both in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London. Jake Dunning is also a Senior Research Fellow, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. David Porter, PhD, and Andrew Riordan, FRCPCH, are Consultants in Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Libuse Ratcliffe, FRCP, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases, and Mike Beadsworth, MD, is a Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine; both in the Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool. Ruchi Sinha, MRCPCH, is a Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Children's Intensive Care, and Elizabeth Whittaker, PhD, is a Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's Infectious Diseases; both at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Elizabeth Whittaker is also an Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London.

Publikováno v: Health security [Health Secur] 2024 Sep; Vol. 22 (S1), pp. S50-S65. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 30.

Epidemic preparedness and response capacity against infectious disease outbreaks in 186 countries, 2018-2022.

Autor: Eze P; Department of Health Policy and Administration, Pennsylvania State University, 504A Donald H. Ford Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. peze@psu.edu., Idemili JC; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada., Nwoko FO; Emergency Medicine Department, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK., James N; Department of Health Policy and Administration, Pennsylvania State University, 504A Donald H. Ford Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.; Department of Health Studies, University of Richmond, 114 UR Drive, Richmond Hall, Richmond, VA, 23173, USA., Lawani LO; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada.

Publikováno v: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2024 Nov 07; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 1258. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 07.

Developing a European framework for the prevention of communicable diseases: three points for attention.

Autor: de Vries DH; Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Geise M; International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands., Maukner AC; Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Kramarz P; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden., Deogan C; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden., Kinsman J; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.

Publikováno v: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin [Euro Surveill] 2024 Oct; Vol. 29 (43).

Capacity building for infectious disease control in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Autor: Lieber WC; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA., Rahim FO; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA., Lartey HSQ; Department of Environmental Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana., Shah D; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA., Mmbaga BT; Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania., Thielman NM; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA., Hertz JT; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.; Department of Emergency Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Publikováno v: Pathogens and global health [Pathog Glob Health] 2024 Sep; Vol. 118 (6), pp. 526-528. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 18.

Why Latin America needs a regional Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.

Autor: Garcia PJ; Cayetano Heredia University, Lima 150135, Peru. Electronic address: patricia.garcia@upch.pe., Saavedra J; AHF Global Public Health Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA., Espinoza-Pajuelo L; Cayetano Heredia University, Lima 150135, Peru., Garcia-Terron FA; AHF Global Public Health Institute, Mexico City, Mexico., Garzon X; San Francisco de Quito University, Quito, Ecuador., Rubinstein A; Institute of Clinical and Health Effectiveness, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Paris E; San Sebastian University, Santiago de Chile, Chile., Ospina M; Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA., Guzmán-Acurio M; Cayetano Heredia University, Lima 150135, Peru., Guzmán J; Center for Global Development, Washington, DC, USA.

Publikováno v: Lancet (London, England) [Lancet] 2024 Jun 29; Vol. 403 (10446), pp. 2763-2765. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 25.