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Decoding the Significance of Alpha Cell Function in the Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes

Autor: Jordan Carroll, Jessie Chen, Rahul Mittal, Joana R. N. Lemos, Mannat Mittal, Shreya Juneja, Amro Assayed, Khemraj Hirani

Publikováno v: Cells, Vol 13, Iss 22, p 1914 (2024)

Alpha cells in the pancreas, traditionally known for their role in secreting glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels, are gaining recognition for their involvement in the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In T1D, autoimmune destruction of b

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/540fc38ccca4484baae854cea78260eb

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Network approach reveals preferential T-cell and macrophage association with α-linked β-cells in early stage of insulitis in NOD mice

Autor: Nirmala V. Balasenthilkumaran, Jennifer C. Whitesell, Laura Pyle, Rachel S. Friedman, Vira Kravets

Publikováno v: Frontiers in Network Physiology, Vol 4 (2024)

One of the challenges in studying islet inflammation–insulitis–is that it is a transient phenomenon. Traditional reporting of the insulitis progression is based on cumulative, donor-averaged values of leucocyte density in the vicinity of pancreat

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/fc353adb09c34af7af45bfa39518745e

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Mathematical modeling clarifies the paracrine roles of insulin and glucagon on the glucose-stimulated hormonal secretion of pancreatic alpha- and beta-cells

Autor: Aedan Brown, Emmanuel S. Tzanakakis

Publikováno v: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 14 (2023)

IntroductionBlood sugar homeostasis relies largely on the action of pancreatic islet hormones, particularly insulin and glucagon. In a prototypical fashion, glucagon is released upon hypoglycemia to elevate glucose by acting on the liver while elevat

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/fde32a3eb02a469db56b0f21d384fe90

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Characterization of impaired beta and alpha cell function in response to an oral glucose challenge in cystic fibrosis: a cross-sectional study

Autor: Bibi Uhre Nielsen, Inger Hee Mabuza Mathiesen, Rikke Møller, Rikke Krogh-Madsen, Terese Lea Katzenstein, Tacjana Pressler, James A. M. Shaw, Christian Ritz, Michael R. Rickels, Darko Stefanovski, Thomas Peter Almdal, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen

Publikováno v: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 14 (2023)

AimsThe purpose of the study was to further elucidate the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes (CFRD) and potential drivers of hypoglycaemia. Hence, we aimed to describe and compare beta cell function (insulin and proinsulin) and

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/88132567683d426abc643eb60765c95a

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Akademický článek

EpiCRISPR targeted methylation of Arx gene initiates transient switch of mouse pancreatic alpha to insulin-producing cells

Autor: Marija Đorđević, Peter Stepper, Clarissa Feuerstein-Akgoz, Clarissa Gerhauser, Verica Paunović, Anja Tolić, Jovana Rajić, Svetlana Dinić, Aleksandra Uskoković, Nevena Grdović, Mirjana Mihailović, Renata Z. Jurkowska, Tomasz P. Jurkowski, Jelena Arambašić Jovanović, Melita Vidaković

Publikováno v: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 14 (2023)

IntroductionBeta cell dysfunction by loss of beta cell identity, dedifferentiation, and the presence of polyhormonal cells are main characteristics of diabetes. The straightforward strategy for curing diabetes implies reestablishment of pancreatic be

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/366d6c80f48f4fac8cb7a3ddf9cb8ff4

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Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in the mouse impairs pancreatic islet morphogenesis and promotes loss of β-cell identity and α-cell expansion in the mature pancreas

Autor: Aneta M. Dobosz, Justyna Janikiewicz, Ewelina Krogulec, Anna Dziewulska, Anna Ajduk, Marcin Szpila, Hanna Nieznańska, Andrzej A. Szczepankiewicz, Dorota Wypych, Agnieszka Dobrzyn

Publikováno v: Molecular Metabolism, Vol 67, Iss , Pp 101659- (2023)

Abnormalities that characterize the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) include deficiencies of β-cells and the expansion of α-cells in pancreatic islets, manifested by lower insulin release and glucagon oversecretion. The molecular mechanisms

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/93b47b0cfaee40919c316cd1cf33440e

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Akademický článek

Alpha cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes is independent of a senescence program

Autor: Gabriel Brawerman, Vasilis Ntranos, Peter J. Thompson

Publikováno v: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 13 (2022)

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is caused by insulin deficiency, due to progressive autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Glucagon-secreting α cells become dysfunctional in T1D and contribute to pathophysiology, however, the mechanisms involved are u

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/cf42848ddf564ac6977a7bfc049dfb54

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Sodium, Glucose and Dysregulated Glucagon Secretion: The Potential of Sodium Glucose Transporters

Autor: Sarah L. Armour, Alexander Frueh, Jakob G. Knudsen

Publikováno v: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 13 (2022)

Diabetes is defined by hyperglycaemia due to progressive insulin resistance and compromised insulin release. In parallel, alpha cells develop dysregulation of glucagon secretion. Diabetic patients have insufficient glucagon secretion during hypoglyca

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/2717611efa544c31b6e26b58003e2416

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