Zobrazeno 1 - 10
of 34
pro vyhledávání: '"Tyler Pelle"'
Autor:
Hélène Seroussi, Tyler Pelle, William H. Lipscomb, Ayako Abe‐Ouchi, Torsten Albrecht, Jorge Alvarez‐Solas, Xylar Asay‐Davis, Jean‐Baptiste Barre, Constantijn J. Berends, Jorge Bernales, Javier Blasco, Justine Caillet, David M. Chandler, Violaine Coulon, Richard Cullather, Christophe Dumas, Benjamin K. Galton‐Fenzi, Julius Garbe, Fabien Gillet‐Chaulet, Rupert Gladstone, Heiko Goelzer, Nicholas Golledge, Ralf Greve, G. Hilmar Gudmundsson, Holly Kyeore Han, Trevor R. Hillebrand, Matthew J. Hoffman, Philippe Huybrechts, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Ann Kristin Klose, Petra M. Langebroek, Gunter R. Leguy, Daniel P. Lowry, Pierre Mathiot, Marisa Montoya, Mathieu Morlighem, Sophie Nowicki, Frank Pattyn, Antony J. Payne, Aurélien Quiquet, Ronja Reese, Alexander Robinson, Leopekka Saraste, Erika G. Simon, Sainan Sun, Jake P. Twarog, Luke D. Trusel, Benoit Urruty, Jonas VanBreedam, Roderik S. W. van deWal, Yu Wang, Chen Zhao, Thomas Zwinger
Publikováno v:
Earth's Future, Vol 12, Iss 9, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)
Abstract The Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) is the primary effort of CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project–Phase 6) focusing on ice sheets, designed to provide an ensemble of process‐based projections of the ice
Externí odkaz:
https://doaj.org/article/f85068d514034cbdac91ead931b6e5bb
Autor:
Antony J. Payne, Sophie Nowicki, Ayako Abe‐Ouchi, Cécile Agosta, Patrick Alexander, Torsten Albrecht, Xylar Asay‐Davis, Andy Aschwanden, Alice Barthel, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Reinhard Calov, Christopher Chambers, Youngmin Choi, Richard Cullather, Joshua Cuzzone, Christophe Dumas, Tamsin L. Edwards, Denis Felikson, Xavier Fettweis, Benjamin K. Galton‐Fenzi, Heiko Goelzer, Rupert Gladstone, Nicholas R. Golledge, Jonathan M. Gregory, Ralf Greve, Tore Hattermann, Matthew J. Hoffman, Angelika Humbert, Philippe Huybrechts, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Thomas Kleiner, Peter Kuipers Munneke, Eric Larour, Sebastien Le clec'h, Victoria Lee, Gunter Leguy, William H. Lipscomb, Christopher M. Little, Daniel P. Lowry, Mathieu Morlighem, Isabel Nias, Frank Pattyn, Tyler Pelle, Stephen F. Price, Aurélien Quiquet, Ronja Reese, Martin Rückamp, Nicole‐Jeanne Schlegel, Hélène Seroussi, Andrew Shepherd, Erika Simon, Donald Slater, Robin S. Smith, Fiammetta Straneo, Sainan Sun, Lev Tarasov, Luke D. Trusel, Jonas Van Breedam, Roderik van deWal, Michiel van denBroeke, Ricarda Winkelmann, Chen Zhao, Tong Zhang, Thomas Zwinger
Publikováno v:
Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 48, Iss 16, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
Abstract Projections of the sea level contribution from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (GrIS and AIS) rely on atmospheric and oceanic drivers obtained from climate models. The Earth System Models participating in the Coupled Model Intercompar
Externí odkaz:
https://doaj.org/article/a98e2242de384f06a13a02ed932efba9
Autor:
Luc Houriez, Eric Larour, Lambert Caron, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Tyler Pelle, Helene Seroussi
The evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) represents one of the most important and uncertain contributions to sea level rise in the upcoming centuries. Thwaites Glacier and the Amundsen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) have been
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::e7e27a985224437beb150532eb673c3c
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-14369
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-14369
Autor:
Jamin S. Greenbaum, Christine Dow, Tyler Pelle, Mathieu Morlighem, Helen Fricker, Susheel Adusumilli, Adrian Jenkins, Anja Rutishauser, Donald Blankenship, Richard Coleman, Benjamin Galton-Fenzi, Won Sang Lee, Jason Roberts, Seung-Tae Yoon
Accurate prediction of sea level rise requires detailed understanding of processes contributing to ice sheet mass loss. Antarctica’s ice shelves are thinning, resulting in enhanced flow of grounded ice due to weakened ice shelf buttressing. Glacier
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::1b0ede4e0f79a5b5527ff9ffe78377e4
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6747
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6747
Ice shelf basal melting is the primary mechanism by which the Antarctic Ice Sheet loses mass. While ocean forcing is the principal driver of basal melting, recent evidence suggests that localized melt maxima are located along deep grounding lines whe
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::5f120505aff13251fbf7d657586cac44
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-10439
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-10439
Publikováno v:
Geophysical Research Letters. 48
Autor:
David E. Gwyther, Tyler Pelle, Jason L. Roberts, Felicity S. McCormack, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Mathieu Morlighem
Publikováno v:
Geophysical Research Letters. 48
A major uncertainty in Antarctica's contribution to future sea-level rise is the ice sheet response timescales to ocean warming. Totten Glacier drains a region containing 3.9 m global sea level equivalent and has been losing mass over recent decades.
Autor:
Luke D. Trusel, Brian Anderson, Youngmin Choi, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Courtney Shafer, Cheng Zhao, William H. Lipscomb, Erika Simon, Sébastien Le clec'h, Victoria Lee, Thomas Kleiner, Donald Slater, Tore Hattermann, Matthias Huss, James F. O’Neill, Sainan Sun, Philip Kraaijenbrink, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Richard I. Cullather, Christophe Dumas, Christopher J. Smith, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Eric Larour, Rupert Gladstone, Jonas Van Breedam, Xavier Fettweis, Christine M. McKenna, Fiona Turner, Nicole Schlegel, Patrick Alexander, Walter W. Immerzeel, Gunter R. Leguy, Torsten Albrecht, Nicholas R. Golledge, Fabien Maussion, Fiammetta Straneo, Valentina Radić, Antony J. Payne, Robin S. Smith, Andrew Bliss, Heiko Goelzer, Andrew Shepherd, Frank Pattyn, Lev Tarasov, Mathieu Morlighem, Christopher Chambers, Tamsin L. Edwards, Reinhard Calov, Koji Fujita, Harry Zekollari, Nicolas Champollion, Akiko Sakai, Sarah Shannon, Ralf Greve, Stephen Price, Isabel Nias, Ricarda Winkelmann, David R. Rounce, Tong Zhang, Jan Hendrik Malles, Ben Marzeion, Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Helene Seroussi, Christopher M. Little, Cécile Agosta, Martin Rückamp, Philippe Huybrechts, Regine Hock, Angelika Humbert, Xylar Asay-Davis, Denis Felikson, Aurélien Quiquet, Daniel F. Martin, Andy Aschwanden, Matthew J. Hoffman, Tyler Pelle, Ronja Reese, Jonathan M. Gregory, Thomas Zwinger, Alice Barthel, Sophie Nowicki, J. K. Cuzzone, Daniel P. Lowry
Publikováno v:
Nature
Nature, 2021, 593 (7857), pp.74-82. ⟨10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y⟩
Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 2021, 593 (7857), pp.74-82. ⟨10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y⟩
Edwards, T L, Nowicki, S, Marzeion, B, Hock, R, Goelzer, H, Seroussi, H, Jourdain, N C, Slater, D A, Turner, F E, Smith, C J, Mckenna, C M, Simon, E, Abe-ouchi, A, Gregory, J M, Larour, E, Lipscomb, W H, Payne, A J, Shepherd, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Anderson, B, Asay-davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bliss, A, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Champollion, N, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Fujita, K, Galton-fenzi, B K, Gladstone, R, Golledge, N R, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, M J, Humbert, A, Huss, M, Huybrechts, P, Immerzeel, W, Kleiner, T, Kraaijenbrink, P, Le Clec’h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, G R, Little, C M, Lowry, D P, Malles, J, Martin, D F, Maussion, F, Morlighem, M, O’neill, J F, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, S F, Quiquet, A, Radić, V, Reese, R, Rounce, D R, Rückamp, M, Sakai, A, Shafer, C, Schlegel, N, Shannon, S, Smith, R S, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, L D, Van Breedam, J, Van De Wal, R, Van Den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zekollari, H, Zhao, C, Zhang, T & Zwinger, T 2021, ' Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise ', Nature, vol. 593, no. 7857, pp. 74-82 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y
Nature: international weekly journal of science, 593(7857)
Nature, vol 593, iss 7857
Nature, 593(7857), 74. Nature Research
NATURE
Edwards, T L, Nowicki, S, Marzeion, B, Hock, R, Goelzer, H, Seroussi, H, Jourdain, N C, Slater, D A, Turner, F E, Smith, C J, Mckenna, C M, Simon, E, Abe-ouchi, A, Gregory, J M, Larour, E, Lipscomb, W H, Payne, A J, Shepherd, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Anderson, B, Asay-davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bliss, A, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Champollion, N, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Fujita, K, Galton-fenzi, B K, Gladstone, R, Golledge, N R, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, M J, Humbert, A, Huss, M, Huybrechts, P, Immerzeel, W, Kleiner, T, Kraaijenbrink, P, Le Clec’h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, G R, Little, C M, Lowry, D P, Malles, J, Martin, D F, Maussion, F, Morlighem, M, O’neill, J F, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, S F, Quiquet, A, Radić, V, Reese, R, Rounce, D R, Rückamp, M, Sakai, A, Shafer, C, Schlegel, N, Shannon, S, Smith, R S, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, L D, Van Breedam, J, Van De Wal, R, Van Den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zekollari, H, Zhao, C, Zhang, T & Zwinger, T 2021, ' Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise ', Nature, vol. 593, no. 7857, pp. 74-82 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y
Nature (London), 593 (7857
EPIC3Nature, 593(7857), pp. 74-82, ISSN: 0028-0836
Nature, 2021, 593 (7857), pp.74-82. ⟨10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y⟩
Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 2021, 593 (7857), pp.74-82. ⟨10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y⟩
Edwards, T L, Nowicki, S, Marzeion, B, Hock, R, Goelzer, H, Seroussi, H, Jourdain, N C, Slater, D A, Turner, F E, Smith, C J, Mckenna, C M, Simon, E, Abe-ouchi, A, Gregory, J M, Larour, E, Lipscomb, W H, Payne, A J, Shepherd, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Anderson, B, Asay-davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bliss, A, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Champollion, N, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Fujita, K, Galton-fenzi, B K, Gladstone, R, Golledge, N R, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, M J, Humbert, A, Huss, M, Huybrechts, P, Immerzeel, W, Kleiner, T, Kraaijenbrink, P, Le Clec’h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, G R, Little, C M, Lowry, D P, Malles, J, Martin, D F, Maussion, F, Morlighem, M, O’neill, J F, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, S F, Quiquet, A, Radić, V, Reese, R, Rounce, D R, Rückamp, M, Sakai, A, Shafer, C, Schlegel, N, Shannon, S, Smith, R S, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, L D, Van Breedam, J, Van De Wal, R, Van Den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zekollari, H, Zhao, C, Zhang, T & Zwinger, T 2021, ' Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise ', Nature, vol. 593, no. 7857, pp. 74-82 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y
Nature: international weekly journal of science, 593(7857)
Nature, vol 593, iss 7857
Nature, 593(7857), 74. Nature Research
NATURE
Edwards, T L, Nowicki, S, Marzeion, B, Hock, R, Goelzer, H, Seroussi, H, Jourdain, N C, Slater, D A, Turner, F E, Smith, C J, Mckenna, C M, Simon, E, Abe-ouchi, A, Gregory, J M, Larour, E, Lipscomb, W H, Payne, A J, Shepherd, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Anderson, B, Asay-davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bliss, A, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Champollion, N, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Fujita, K, Galton-fenzi, B K, Gladstone, R, Golledge, N R, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, M J, Humbert, A, Huss, M, Huybrechts, P, Immerzeel, W, Kleiner, T, Kraaijenbrink, P, Le Clec’h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, G R, Little, C M, Lowry, D P, Malles, J, Martin, D F, Maussion, F, Morlighem, M, O’neill, J F, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, S F, Quiquet, A, Radić, V, Reese, R, Rounce, D R, Rückamp, M, Sakai, A, Shafer, C, Schlegel, N, Shannon, S, Smith, R S, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, L D, Van Breedam, J, Van De Wal, R, Van Den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zekollari, H, Zhao, C, Zhang, T & Zwinger, T 2021, ' Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise ', Nature, vol. 593, no. 7857, pp. 74-82 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y
Nature (London), 593 (7857
EPIC3Nature, 593(7857), pp. 74-82, ISSN: 0028-0836
The land ice contribution to global mean sea level rise has not yet been predicted 1 using ice sheet and glacier models for the latest set of socio-economic scenarios, nor using coordinated exploration of uncertainties arising from the various comput
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0fa1729dfb79911ef0cb15573c0cf154
Autor:
Antony J Payne, Sophie Nowicki, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Cécile Agosta, Patrick M. Alexander, Torsten Albrecht, Xylar S Asay-Davis, Andy Aschwanden, Alice Barthel, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Reinhard Calov, Christopher Chambers, Youngmin Choi, Richard I. Cullather, Joshua K Cuzzone, Christophe dumas, Tamsin Edwards, Denis Felikson, Xavier Fettweis, Benjamin Keith Galton-Fenzi, Heiko Goelzer, Rupert Gladstone, Nicholas R. Golledge, Jonathan M. Gregory, Ralf Greve, Tore Hattermann, Matthew J. Hoffman, Angelika Humbert, Philippe Huybrechts, Nicolas C Jourdain, Thomas Kleiner, Peter Kuipers Munneke, Eric Yves Larour, Sebastien Le clec'h, Victoria Lee, Gunter Leguy, William H. Lipscomb, Christopher M Little, Daniel P Lowry, Mathieu Morlighem, Isabel Nias, Frank Pattyn, Tyler Pelle, Stephen Price, Aurelien Quiquet, Ronja Reese, Martin Rückamp, Nicole -J. Schlegel, Helene Seroussi, Andrew Shepherd, Erika Simon, Donald A Slater, Robin Smith, Fiamma Straneo, Sainan Sun, Lev Tarasov, Luke Trusel, Jonas Van Breedam, Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Ricarda Winkelmann, Chen Zhao, Tong Zhang, Thomas Zwinger
Publikováno v:
Geophysical research letters
Geophysical Research Letters
Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union, In press, 48 (16), pp.e2020GL091741. ⟨10.1029/2020GL091741⟩
Geophysical Research Letters, 2021, 48 (16), pp.e2020GL091741. ⟨10.1029/2020GL091741⟩
Geophysical Research Letters
Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union, In press, 48 (16), pp.e2020GL091741. ⟨10.1029/2020GL091741⟩
Geophysical Research Letters, 2021, 48 (16), pp.e2020GL091741. ⟨10.1029/2020GL091741⟩
Projections of the sea level contribution from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (GrIS and AIS) rely on atmospheric and oceanic drivers obtained from climate models. The Earth System Models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Proj
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b6c6383420ef0869950646a10e07ff86
http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/325953
http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/325953
Autor:
Richard I. Cullather, Sainan Sun, Robin S. Smith, Martin Rückamp, Philippe Huybrechts, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Christopher M. Little, Daniel P. Lowry, Fiammetta Straneo, Jonas Van Breedam, Xavier Fettweis, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Ricarda Winkelmann, Gunter R. Leguy, Isabel Nias, Erika Simon, Eric Larour, Sophie Nowicki, J. K. Cuzzone, Patrick Alexander, Cheng Zhao, Tore Hattermann, Heiko Goelzer, Christophe Dumas, Alice Barthel, Torsten Albrecht, Peter Kuipers Munneke, Helene Seroussi, Christopher Chambers, Andrew Shepherd, Frank Pattyn, Rupert Gladstone, Nicole Schlegel, Xylar Asay-Davis, Denis Felikson, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Mathieu Morlighem, Victoria Lee, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Andy Aschwanden, Ralf Greve, Tamsin L. Edwards, Reinhard Calov, Thomas Kleiner, Donald Slater, Tong Zhang, Antony J. Payne, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Cécile Agosta, Luke D. Trusel, Lev Tarasov, Aurélien Quiquet, Nicholas R. Golledge, Youngmin Choi, William H. Lipscomb, Stephen Price, Angelika Humbert, Sébastien Le clec'h, Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Matthew J. Hoffman, Tyler Pelle, Jonathan M. Gregory, Thomas Zwinger, Ronja Reese
Publikováno v:
Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 48
Geophysical Research Letters, 48(16), 1. Wiley Online Library
EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, 48(16), pp. e2020GL091741, ISSN: 0094-8276
Payne, A J, Nowicki, S, Abe-Ouchi, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Asay-Davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bracegirdle, T J, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Edwards, T L, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Galton-Fenzi, B K, Goelzer, H, Gladstone, R, Golledge, N R, Gregory, J M, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, M J, Humbert, A, Huybrechts, P, Jourdain, N C, Kleiner, T, Munneke, P K, Larour, E, Le clec'h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, G, Lipscomb, W H, Little, C M, Lowry, D P, Morlighem, M, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, S F, Quiquet, A, Reese, R, Rückamp, M, Schlegel, N J, Seroussi, H, Shepherd, A, Simon, E, Slater, D, Smith, R S, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, L D, Van Breedam, J, van de Wal, R, van den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zhao, C, Zhang, T & Zwinger, T 2021, ' Future Sea Level Change Under Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and Phase 6 Scenarios From the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets ', Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 48, no. 16, e2020GL091741 . https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091741
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Geophysical Research Letters, 48(16), 1. Wiley Online Library
EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, 48(16), pp. e2020GL091741, ISSN: 0094-8276
Payne, A J, Nowicki, S, Abe-Ouchi, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Asay-Davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bracegirdle, T J, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Edwards, T L, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Galton-Fenzi, B K, Goelzer, H, Gladstone, R, Golledge, N R, Gregory, J M, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, M J, Humbert, A, Huybrechts, P, Jourdain, N C, Kleiner, T, Munneke, P K, Larour, E, Le clec'h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, G, Lipscomb, W H, Little, C M, Lowry, D P, Morlighem, M, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, S F, Quiquet, A, Reese, R, Rückamp, M, Schlegel, N J, Seroussi, H, Shepherd, A, Simon, E, Slater, D, Smith, R S, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, L D, Van Breedam, J, van de Wal, R, van den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zhao, C, Zhang, T & Zwinger, T 2021, ' Future Sea Level Change Under Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and Phase 6 Scenarios From the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets ', Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 48, no. 16, e2020GL091741 . https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091741
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Projections of the sea level contribution from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (GrIS and AIS) rely on atmospheric and oceanic drivers obtained from climate models. The Earth System Models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Proj