Aquaporin-4 Immunoglobulin G-seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder MRI Characteristics: Data Analysis from the International Real-World PAMRINO Study Cohort.

Autor: Chien C; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Cruz E Silva V; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Geiter E; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Meier D; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Zimmermann H; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Bichuetti DB; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Idagawa MI; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Altintas A; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Tanriverdi U; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Siritho S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Pandit L; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Dcunha A; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Sá MJ; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Figueiredo R; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Qian P; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Tongco C; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Lotan I; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Khasminsky V; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Hellmann MA; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Stiebel-Kalish H; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Rotstein DL; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Waxman L; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Ontaneda D; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Nakamura K; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Abboud H; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Subei MO; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Mao-Draayer Y; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Havla J; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Asgari N; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Skejø PB; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Kister I; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Ringelstein M; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Broadley S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Arnett S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Marron B; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Jolley AM; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Wunderlich M; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Green S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Cook LJ; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Yeaman MR; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Smith TJ; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Brandt AU; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Wuerfel J; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Paul F; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.

Publikováno v: Radiology [Radiology] 2024 Nov; Vol. 313 (2), pp. e233099.

Absence of astrocytic outer retinal layer thinning in AQP4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Autor: Lu, A., Zimmermann, H. G., Specovius, S., Motamedi, S., Chien, C., Lana-Peixoto, M. Aurelio, Fontenelle, M. Andrade, Ashtari, F., Kafieh, R., Pandit, L., Dcunha, A., Kim, H., Hyun, J. -W., Leocani, L., Pisa, M., Radaelli, M., Siritho, S., May, E. F., Tongco, C., de Seze, J., Senger, T., Palace, J., Roca-Fernandez, A., Stiebel-Kalish, H., Asgari, N., Soelberg, K. K., Martinez-Lapiscina, E. H., Havla, J., Mao-Draayer, Y., Rimler, Z., Reid, A., Marignier, R., Calvo, A., Altintas, A., Tanriverdi, U., Ringelstein, M., Albrecht, P., Tavares, I. M., Bichuetti, D., Jacob, A., Huda, S., de Castillo, I. S., Petzold, A., Green, A. J., Yeaman, M. R., Smith, T. J., Cook, L., Paul, F., Brandt, A. U., Oertel, F. C., Consortiu, GJCF Int Clinical

Publikováno v: Lu, A, Zimmermann, H G, Specovius, S, Motamedi, S, Chien, C, Lana-Peixoto, M A, Fontenelle, M A, Ashtari, F, Kafieh, R, Pandit, L, Dcunha, A, Kim, H, Hyun, J-W, Leocani, L, Pisa, M, Radaelli, M, Siritho, S, May, E F, Tongco, C, de Seze, J, Senger, T, Palace, J, Roca-Fernandez, A, Stiebel-Kalish, H, Asgari, N, Soelberg, K K, Martinez-Lapiscina, E H, Havla, J, Mao-Draayer, Y, Rimler, Z, Reid, A, Marignier, R, Calvo, A, Altintas, A, Tanriverdi, U, Ringelstein, M, Albrecht, P, Tavares, I M, Bichuetti, D, Jacob, A, Huda, S, de Castillo, I S, Petzold, A, Green, A J, Yeaman, M R, Smith, T J, Cook, L, Paul, F, Brandt, A U, Oertel, F C & Consortiu, GJCF I C 2021, ' Absence of astrocytic outer retinal layer thinning in AQP4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders ', Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol. 27, no. Suppl. 2, pp. 493-495 . < https://doi.org/10.1177/13524585211044667 >

Externí odkaz: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______3062::eb0878f8cea99abd361df45087d98cbb
https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/017be02e-77fc-4b1b-b932-48fb20dd4f69

Supraspinal modulation of the cutaneous silent period in healthy subjects

Autor: Tanriverdi, U, Gunduz, A, Kumru, H, Kizilta, ME

Publikováno v: European Journal of Neurology
r-IGTP. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol
instname

Externí odkaz: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=RECOLECTA___::a7102987a80759cf34bb8f6a779e3c6b
https://fundanet.igtp.cat/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=6784

An international retrospective multi-center study of retinal optical coherence tomography in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: the CROCTINO study

Autor: Oertel, F. C., Specovius, S., Zimmermann, H. G., Chien, C., Motamedi, S., Cook, L., Martinez-Lapiscina, E. H., Lana Peixoto, M. A., Fontenelle, M. A., Palace, J., Roca-Fernandez, A., Siritho, S., Altintas, A., Tanriverdi, U., Jacob, A., Huda, S., Marignier, R., Nerrant, E., Calvo, A. Cobo, de Seze, J., Senger, T., Pandit, L., Dcunha, A., de Castillo, I. S., Bichuetti, D., Tavares, M., May, E. F., Tongco, C., Havla, J., Leocani, L., Pisa, M., Ashtari, F., Kafieh, R., Aktas, O., Ringelstein, M., Albrecht, P., Kim, H. J., Hyun, J. -W., Asgari, N., Soelberg, K., Mao-Draayer, Y., Stiebel-Kalish, H., Rimler, Z., Reid, A., Yeaman, M., Smith, T. J., Brandt, A. U., Paul, F., NMOSD, GJCF Int Clinical Consortium

Publikováno v: Oertel, F C, Specovius, S, Zimmermann, H G, Chien, C, Motamedi, S, Cook, L, Martinez-Lapiscina, E H, Lana Peixoto, M A, Fontenelle, M A, Palace, J, Roca-Fernandez, A, Siritho, S, Altintas, A, Tanriverdi, U, Jacob, A, Huda, S, Marignier, R, Nerrant, E, Calvo, A C, de Seze, J, Senger, T, Pandit, L, Dcunha, A, de Castillo, I S, Bichuetti, D, Tavares, M, May, E F, Tongco, C, Havla, J, Leocani, L, Pisa, M, Ashtari, F, Kafieh, R, Aktas, O, Ringelstein, M, Albrecht, P, Kim, H J, Hyun, J-W, Asgari, N, Soelberg, K, Mao-Draayer, Y, Stiebel-Kalish, H, Rimler, Z, Reid, A, Yeaman, M, Smith, T J, Brandt, A U, Paul, F & NMOSD, GJCF I C C 2019, ' An international retrospective multi-center study of retinal optical coherence tomography in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: the CROCTINO study ', Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol. 25, no. 2 Suppl. 1, P1300, pp. 709-711 . https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458519868081

Externí odkaz: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______3062::f9b361f43e361f070de1a8a9c380cec5
https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/0921cdb0-ada0-414f-8994-60f45ca8f2ee

BMJ Open

Autor: Specovius, S. (Svenja), Zimmermann, H. (Hanna) G. (G), Oertel, F. (Frederike) C. (Cosima), Chien, C. (Claudia), Bereuter, C. (Charlotte), Cook, L. (Lawrence) J. (J), Lana Peixoto, M. (Marco) A. (Aurélio), Fontenelle, M. (Mariana) A. (Andrade), Kim, H. (Ho) J. (Jin), Hyun, J. (Jae-Won), Jung, S. (Su-Kyung), Palace, J. (Jacqueline), Roca-Fernandez, A. (Adriana), Diaz, A. (Alejandro) R. (Rubio), Leite, M. (Maria) I. (Isabel), Sharma, S. (Srilakshmi) M. (M), Ashtari, F. (Fereshte), Kafieh, R. (Rahele), Dehghani, A. (Alireza), Pourazizi, M. (Mohsen), Pandit, L. (Lekha), Dcunha, A. (Anitha), Aktas, O. (Orhan), Ringelstein, M. (Marius), Albrecht, P. (Philipp), May, E. (Eugene), Tongco, C. (Caryl), Leocani, L. (Letizia), Pisa, M. (Marco), Radaelli, M. (Marta), Martinez-Lapiscina, E. (Elena) H. (H), Stiebel-Kalish, H. (Hadas), Hellmann, M. (Mark), Lotan, I. (Itay), Siritho, S. (Sasitorn), De Sèze, J. (Jérôme), Senger, T. (Thomas), Havla, J. (Joachim), Marignier, R. (Romain), Tilikete, C. (Caroline), Cobo Calvo, A. (Alvaro), Bichuetti, D. (Denis) B. (Bernardi), Tavares, I. (Ivan) M. (Maynart), Asgari, N. (Nasrin), Soelberg, K. (Kerstin), Altintas, A. (Ayse), Yildirim, R. (Rengin), Tanriverdi, U. (Uygur), Jacob, A. (Anu), Huda, S. (Saif), Rimler, Z. (Zoe), Reid, A. (Allyson), Mao-Draayer, Y. (Yang), de Castillo, I. (Ibis) S. (Soto), Yeaman, M. (Michael) R. (R), Smith, T. (Terry) J. (J), Brandt, A. (Alexander) U. (U), Paul, F. (Friedemann)

PURPOSE: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) captures retinal damage in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Previous studies investigating OCT in NMOSD have been limited by the rareness and heterogeneity of the disease. The goal of this s

Externí odkaz: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______4060::eff79cb63e1a81401918f512fbfa307a