A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19

Autor: Shengjing Tu, Shuzhen Wang, Chaolin Huang, Frederick G. Hayden, Chunmin Jia, Kunxia Li, Lianhan Shang, Xia Liu, Fang Cheng, Chongya Dong, Li Hui, Jingli Wang, Nanshan Chen, Bin Song, Jun Zou, Ye Yuan, Xingwang Li, Yuan Wei, Peter Horby, Lu Peng, Dingyu Zhang, Fei Zhou, Lihong Pan, Qin Ge, Jiuyang Xu, Fengyun Gong, Yi Zhang, Huadong Li, Jing He, Yeming Wang, Jia'an Xia, Xuelei Xie, Li Zhang, Caihong Li, Thomas Jaki, Sixia Lu, Xuan Dong, Xia Zhou, Yanping Cai, Ke Wang, Ming Wei, Shunan Ruan, Bin Cao, Zhaohui Qu, Fang Qiu, Jing Wu, Xiaoying Gu, Wen Liu, Juan Wang, Li Guo, Hua Chen, Xujuan Hu, Guohui Fan, Chen Wang, Lianguo Ruan, Tao Bai, Shanshan Luo, Zhibo Liu, Hanping Huang, Xudong Wu, Ying Liu, Ting Yu, Danning Wen, Jie Xiang, Haiyan Zhan

Publikováno v: The New England Journal of Medicine
New England Journal of Medicine

Background No therapeutics have yet been proven effective for the treatment of severe illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. Methods We conducted a randomized, controlled, open-label trial involving hospitalized adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infect

Externí odkaz: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::68d39c31714fd94efa71938320889645
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33127012

A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19.

Autor: Cao B; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wang Y; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wen D; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Liu W; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wang J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Fan G; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Ruan L; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Song B; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Cai Y; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wei M; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Li X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Xia J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Chen N; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Xiang J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Yu T; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Bai T; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Xie X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zhang L; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Li C; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Yuan Y; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Chen H; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Li H; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Huang H; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Tu S; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Gong F; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Liu Y; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wei Y; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Dong C; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zhou F; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Gu X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Xu J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Liu Z; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zhang Y; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Li H; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Shang L; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wang K; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Li K; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zhou X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Dong X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Qu Z; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Lu S; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Hu X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Ruan S; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Luo S; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wu J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Peng L; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Cheng F; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Pan L; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zou J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Jia C; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wang J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Liu X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wang S; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wu X; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Ge Q; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., He J; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zhan H; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Qiu F; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Guo L; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Huang C; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Jaki T; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Hayden FG; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Horby PW; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Zhang D; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.)., Wang C; From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (B.C., Yeming Wang, G.F., F.Z., X.G., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, L.S., C.W.), and the Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences (G.F., X.G.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (B.C., Yeming Wang, F.Z., Z.L., Y.Z., Hui Li, C.W.), the Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Xingwang Li), Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital (C.D.), Tsinghua University School of Medicine (Jiuyang Xu), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (L.S.), NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.G.), and Peking Union Medical College (L.G., C.W.), Beijing, and Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan (D.W., W.L., Jingli Wang, L.R., B.S., Y.C., M.W., Jiaan Xia, N.C., Jie Xiang, T.Y., T.B., X.X., L.Z., C.L., Y.Y., H.C., Huadong Li, H.H., S.T., F.G., Y.L., Yuan Wei, K.W., K.L., X.Z., X.D., Z.Q., Sixia Lu, X.H., S.R., Shanshan Luo, Jing Wu, Lu Peng, F.C., Lihong Pan, J.Z., C.J., Juan Wang, Xia Liu, S.W., X.W., Q.G., J.H., H.Z., F.Q., C.H., D.Z.) - all in China; Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), and the University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (F.G.H.).

Publikováno v: The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2020 May 07; Vol. 382 (19), pp. 1787-1799. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 18.