Large loss of CO 2 in winter observed across the northern permafrost region.

Autor: Natali SM; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Watts JD; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Rogers BM; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Potter S; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Ludwig SM; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Selbmann AK; University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany., Sullivan PF; Environment and Natural Resources Institute, University of Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99508. USA., Abbott BW; Brigham Young University, Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Provo, UT 84602, USA., Arndt KA; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA., Birch L; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Björkman MP; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 460, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden., Bloom AA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA., Celis G; Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA., Christensen TR; Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark., Christiansen CT; NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway., Commane R; Dept. of Earth & Environmental Sciences of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA., Cooper EJ; Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT. The Arctic University of Norway, N9037 Tromsø, Norway., Crill P; Dept. of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Sweden., Czimczik C; Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA., Davydov S; Northeast Science Station, Pacific Geographical Institute, Cherskii, Russia., Du J; Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, W.A. Franke College of Forestry & Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA., Egan JE; Department of Earth Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada., Elberling B; Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark., Euskirchen ES; University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA., Friborg T; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark., Genet H; University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA., Göckede M; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany., Goodrich JP; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA., Grogan P; Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada., Helbig M; McMaster University, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1.; Université de Montréal, Département de géographie & Centre d'études nordiques, 520 chemin de la Côte Sainte Catherine, Montréal, QC H2V 2B8., Jafarov EE; Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA., Jastrow JD; Environmental Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA., Kalhori AAM; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA., Kim Y; International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA., Kimball J; Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, W.A. Franke College of Forestry & Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA., Kutzbach L; Institute of Soil Science, Universät Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany., Lara MJ; Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA., Larsen KS; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark., Lee BY; Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea)., Liu Z; CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China., Loranty MM; Department of Geography, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA., Lund M; Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark., Lupascu M; Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117570., Madani N; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA., Malhotra A; Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305., Matamala R; Environmental Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA., McFarland J; Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA., McGuire AD; University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA., Michelsen A; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark., Minions C; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA., Oechel WC; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.; University of Exeter, Exeter, UK., Olefeldt D; University of Alberta, Department of Renewable Resources, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Parmentier FW; Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Pirk N; Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Poulter B; NASA GSFC, Biospheric Sciences Lab., Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA., Quinton W; Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada., Rezanezhad F; Ecohydrology Research Group, Water Institute and Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada., Risk D; St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada., Sachs T; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany., Schaefer K; National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO 80309, USA., Schmidt NM; Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark., Schuur EAG; Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA., Semenchuk PR; Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation Ecology and Landscape Ecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Shaver G; The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA., Sonnentag O; Université de Montréal, Département de géographie & Centre d'études nordiques, 520 chemin de la Côte Sainte Catherine, Montréal, QC H2V 2B8., Starr G; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA., Treat CC; Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Finland., Waldrop MP; Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA., Wang Y; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA., Welker J; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.; Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Finland and UArctic., Wille C; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany., Xu X; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA., Zhang Z; Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA., Zhuang Q; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA., Zona D; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.; University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Publikováno v: Nature climate change [Nat Clim Chang] 2019 Nov; Vol. 9, pp. 852-857. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Oct 21.