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Aquaporin-4 Immunoglobulin G-seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder MRI Characteristics: Data Analysis from the International Real-World PAMRINO Study Cohort.

Autor: Chien C; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Cruz E Silva V; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Geiter E; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Meier D; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Zimmermann H; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Bichuetti DB; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Idagawa MI; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Altintas A; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Tanriverdi U; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Siritho S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Pandit L; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Dcunha A; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Sá MJ; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Figueiredo R; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Qian P; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Tongco C; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Lotan I; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Khasminsky V; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Hellmann MA; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Stiebel-Kalish H; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Rotstein DL; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Waxman L; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Ontaneda D; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Nakamura K; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Abboud H; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Subei MO; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Mao-Draayer Y; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Havla J; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Asgari N; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Skejø PB; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Kister I; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Ringelstein M; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Broadley S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Arnett S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Marron B; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Jolley AM; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Wunderlich M; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Green S; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Cook LJ; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Yeaman MR; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Smith TJ; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Brandt AU; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Wuerfel J; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1., Paul F; From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.

Publikováno v: Radiology [Radiology] 2024 Nov; Vol. 313 (2), pp. e233099.

Investigation of health care use and a possible prodrome before the first attack in NMOSD and MOGAD.

Autor: Rotstein DL; St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Freedman MS; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Konig A; St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada., Lee L; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Luo J; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada., Maxwell C; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada., Morrow SA; Western University, London, ON, Canada; University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada., Tremlett H; Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Vyas MV; St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Marrie RA; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Publikováno v: Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) [Mult Scler] 2024 Sep; Vol. 30 (10), pp. 1331-1340. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 05.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody titers by fixed cell-based assay: positive predictive value and impact of sample collection timing.

Autor: Budhram A; London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.; London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada., Rotstein DL; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Yang L; London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada., Yeh EA; Department of Paediatrics (Neurology), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Publikováno v: Frontiers in neurology [Front Neurol] 2024 Mar 14; Vol. 15, pp. 1380541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 14 (Print Publication: 2024).

Predicting time to serologic diagnosis of AQP4+ NMOSD based on clinical factors and social determinants of health.

Autor: Rotstein DL; St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, 3rd floor, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada. Electronic address: dalia.rotstein@unityhealth.to., Freedman MS; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., Lee L; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, 3rd floor, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Marrie RA; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada., Morrow SA; Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada., McCombe JA; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Parks NE; Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada., Smyth P; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Konig A; St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada., Vyas MV; St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, 3rd floor, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada.

Publikováno v: Multiple sclerosis and related disorders [Mult Scler Relat Disord] 2024 Mar; Vol. 83, pp. 105434. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 12.