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Publikováno v:
Volume 3: Operations, Monitoring, and Maintenance; Materials and Joining.
Onshore pipelines are usually designed and constructed for burial conditions. However, pipeline exposures can develop from environmental and geohazard conditions such as creek crossing, soil washout due to significant rainfall events, short-term floo
Publikováno v:
Volume 2: Pipeline and Facilities Integrity.
Mechanical damages such as dents are one of the most common threats to the structural integrity of buried pipelines traversing high population areas or mountainous terrains. Dents are defined as local inward depression in the pipe surface caused by e