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pro vyhledávání: '"Olubosede OA"'
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Oladapo OT; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Vogel JP; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Piaggio G; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Nguyen MH; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Althabe F; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Gülmezoglu AM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Bahl R; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Rao SPN; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., De Costa A; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Gupta S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Baqui AH; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Khanam R; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Shahidullah M; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Chowdhury SB; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ahmed S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Begum N; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., D Roy A; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Shahed MA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Jaben IA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Yasmin F; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Rahman MM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ara A; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Khatoon S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ara G; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Akter S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Akhter N; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Dey PR; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Sabur MA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Azad MT; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Choudhury SF; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Matin MA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Goudar SS; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Dhaded SM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Metgud MC; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Pujar YV; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Somannavar MS; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Vernekar SS; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Herekar VR; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Bidri SR; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Mathapati SS; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Patil PG; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Patil MM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Gudadinni MR; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Bijapure HR; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Mallapur AA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Katageri GM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Chikkamath SB; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Yelamali BC; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Pol RR; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Misra SS; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Das L; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Nanda S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Nayak RB; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Singh B; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Qureshi Z; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Were F; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Osoti A; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Gwako G; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Laving A; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Kinuthia J; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Mohamed H; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Aliyan N; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Barassa A; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Kibaru E; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Mbuga M; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Thuranira L; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Githua NJ; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Lusweti B; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ayede AI; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Falade AG; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Adesina OA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Agunloye AM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Iyiola OO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Sanni W; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ejinkeonye IK; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Idris HA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Okoli CV; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Irinyenikan TA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Olubosede OA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Bello O; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Omololu OM; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Olutekunbi OA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Akintan AL; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Owa OO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Oluwafemi RO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Eniowo IP; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Fabamwo AO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Disu EA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Agbara JO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Adejuyigbe EA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Kuti O; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Anyabolu HC; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Awowole IO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Fehintola AO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Kuti BP; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Isah AD; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Olateju EK; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Abiodun O; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Dedeke OF; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Akinkunmi FB; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Oyeneyin L; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Adesiyun O; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Raji HO; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ande ABA; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Okonkwo I; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Ariff S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Soofi SB; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Sheikh L; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Zulfiqar S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Omer S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Sikandar R; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Sheikh S; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Giordano D; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Gamerro H; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Carroli G; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Carvalho J; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Neilson J; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Molyneux E; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Yunis K; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Mugerwa K; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.)., Chellani HK; The affiliations of the members of the writing committee are as follows: World Health Organization, Geneva (O.T.O., J.P.V., G.P., M.-H.N., F.A., A.M.G., R.B., S.P.N.R., A.D.C., S.G.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (A.H.B., R.K.); Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (M.S., S.B. Chowdhury), Projahnmo Research Foundation (S. Ahmed, N.B., A.D.R., M.A. Shahed, I.A.J.), Institute of Child and Mother Health (F.Y., M.M.R.), Center for Woman and Child Health (A.A., S.K.), and Enam Medical College and Hospital (G.A., S. Akter), Dhaka, and Sylhet Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani Medical College Hospital (N. Akhter, P.R.D.), Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital (M.A. Sabur, M.T.A.), and Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital (S.F.C., M.A.M.), Sylhet - both in Bangladesh; KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi (S.S.G., S.M.D., M.C.M., Y.V.P., M.S.S., S.S.V., V.R.H.), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapura (S.R.B., S.S. Mathapati, P.G.P., M.M.P., M.R.G., H.R.B.), S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot (A.A.M., G.M.K., S.B. Chikkamath, B.C.Y., R.R.P.), Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack (S.S. Misra, L.D., S.N., R.B.N., B.S.), and Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (H.K.C.) - all in India; University of Nairobi (Z.Q., F.W., A. Osoti, G.G., A.L.) and Kenyatta National Hospital (J.K.), Nairobi, Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa (H.M., N. Aliyan), Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Nakuru (A.B., E.K.), Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu (M.M., L.T.), and Thika Level 5 Hospital, Thika (N.J.G., B.L.) - all in Kenya; the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan (A.I.A., A.G.F., O.A.A., A.M.A., O.O.I.), Kubwa General Hospital, Kubwa (W.S., I.K.E.), Nyanya General Hospital, Nyanya (H.A.I., C.V.O.), State Specialist Hospital (T.A.I., O.A. Olubosede, O.B.) and Mother and Child Hospital (A.L.A., O.O.O., R.O.O., I.P.E.), Akure, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (O.M.O., O.A. Olutekunbi), and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (A.O. Fabamwo, E.A.D., J.O.A.), Lagos, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (E.A.A., O.K., H.C.A., I.O.A., A.O. Fehintola, B.P.K.), University of Abuja, Abuja (A.D.I., E.K.O.), Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta (O. Abiodun, O.F.D.), Mother and Child Hospital, Ondo (F.B.A., L.O.), University of Ilorin, Ilorin (O. Adesiyun, H.O.R.), and University of Benin, Benin City (A.B.A.A., I.O.) - all in Nigeria; Aga Khan University, Karachi (S. Ariff, S.B.S., L.S.), Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan (S.Z., S.O.), and Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad (R.S., S.S.) - all in Pakistan; Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales, Rosario, Argentina (D.G., H.G., G.C.); Statistika Consultoria, Campinas, Brazil (J.C.); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (J.N.); College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre (E.M.); American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (K.Y.); and the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda (K.M.).
Publikováno v:
The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2020 Dec 24; Vol. 383 (26), pp. 2514-2525. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 23.
Autor:
Walker PJB; Centre for International Child Health, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia patrickjbwalker@gmail.com.; Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia., Bakare AA; Department of Paediatrics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Ayede AI; Department of Paediatrics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Oluwafemi RO; Department of Neonatology, Mother and Child Hospital, Akure, Nigeria., Olubosede OA; Teaching Hospital Complex, University of Medical Sciences, Akure, Nigeria., Olafimihan IV; Department of Paediatrics, Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria., Tan K; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Duke T; Intensive Care Unit and University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.; Department of Child Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea., Falade AG; College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; Department of Paediatrics, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Graham H; Centre for International Child Health, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Publikováno v:
Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition [Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed] 2020 May; Vol. 105 (3), pp. 316-321. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 28.
Autor:
Isere EE; World Health Organization, Ondo State Field office, Akure, Nigeria. elvisisere@gmail.com., Fatiregun AA; World Health Organization, Ondo State Field office, Akure, Nigeria., Olubosede OA; Department of Paediatrics, State Specialist Hospital, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria., Dosumu MO; World Health Organization, Ondo State Field office, Akure, Nigeria., Bello EO; Department of Paediatrics, State Specialist Hospital, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Publikováno v:
BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2019 Jun 14; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 524. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jun 14.
Publikováno v:
African journal of medicine and medical sciences [Afr J Med Med Sci] 2013 Dec; Vol. 42 (4), pp. 293-9.