A Randomized Trial of Drug Route in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Autor: Couper K; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Ji C; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Deakin CD; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Fothergill RT; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Nolan JP; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Long JB; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Mason JM; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Michelet F; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Norman C; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Nwankwo H; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Quinn T; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Slowther AM; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Smyth MA; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Starr KR; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Walker A; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Wood S; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Bell S; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Bradley G; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Brown M; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Brown S; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Burrow E; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Charlton K; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Claxton Dip A; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Dra'gon V; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Evans C; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Falloon J; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Foster T; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Kearney J; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Lang N; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Limmer M; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Mellett-Smith A; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Miller J; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Mills C; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Osborne R; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Rees N; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Spaight RES; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Squires GL; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Tibbetts B; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Waddington M; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Whitley GA; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Wiles JV; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Williams J; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Wiltshire S; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Wright A; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Lall R; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom., Perkins GD; From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust, Cwmbran (C.M., N.R.), West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierley Hill (A. Walker, C.E., J.M., J.V.W.), the Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (G.D.P., K.C.), the Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate (A. Walker), the Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath (J.P.N.), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton (C.D.D.), and the University of Bristol, Bristol (J.P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom.

Publikováno v: The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2024 Oct 31. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 31.

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Rheumatoid arthritis knowledge gap and intervention in Nigeria study.

Autor: Hakeem OB; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria., Abubakar Y; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria., Courage U; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria., Joshua OG; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Olujimi S; Department of Family Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria., Abdulaziz U; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria., Uyi IE; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria., Ojo O; Kubwa General Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria., Adelowo O; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria., Olusegun OA; Rheumatology Unit, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Shagamu, Nigeria., Nwankwo H; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Nnamdi Azikwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria., Ibukunoluwa D; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria., Ibrahim D; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria., Ahmed H; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria., Ajibade A; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Gombe, Nigeria., Ehi A; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria., Dungwom PS; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria., Okwara C; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria., Harriet E; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria., Osuagwu N; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria., Uchechukwu T; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria., Egbe T; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria., Ako I; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria., Idowu A; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria., Akpabio AA; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria., Tito A; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Nnamdi Azikwe Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria., Abdulhakeem A; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, Nigeria., Ochiagha O; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria., Janetta I; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria.

Publikováno v: International journal of rheumatic diseases [Int J Rheum Dis] 2024 Jan; Vol. 27 (1), pp. e14993. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 18.

Route of drug administration in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A protocol for a randomised controlled trial (PARAMEDIC-3).

Autor: Couper K; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK., Ji C; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Lall R; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Deakin CD; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.; South Central Ambulance NHS Foundation Trust, Otterbourne, UK., Fothergill R; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; Clinical Audit and Research Unit, London Ambulance Service, London, UK., Long J; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Mason J; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Michelet F; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Nolan JP; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK., Nwankwo H; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Quinn T; Kingston University, London, UK., Slowther AM; Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Smyth MA; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Walker A; West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierly Hill, UK.; Emergency Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, UK., Chowdhury L; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Norman C; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Sprauve L; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Starr K; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Wood S; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Bell S; North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton, UK., Bradley G; Research and Development Department, South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley, UK., Brown M; South Central Ambulance NHS Foundation Trust, Otterbourne, UK., Brown S; East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Melbourn, UK., Charlton K; North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Coppola A; South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK., Evans C; Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, Cwmbran, UK., Evans C; West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierly Hill, UK., Foster T; East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Melbourn, UK., Jackson M; North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Kearney J; Clinical Audit and Research Unit, London Ambulance Service, London, UK., Lang N; Devon Air Ambulance Trust, Exeter, UK., Mellett-Smith A; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; Clinical Audit and Research Unit, London Ambulance Service, London, UK., Osborne R; South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK., Pocock H; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; South Central Ambulance NHS Foundation Trust, Otterbourne, UK., Rees N; Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, Cwmbran, UK., Spaight R; East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK., Tibbetts B; Devon Air Ambulance Trust, Exeter, UK., Whitley GA; East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK., Wiles J; West Midlands Ambulance Service University NHS Foundation Trust, Brierly Hill, UK., Williams J; Research and Development Department, South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley, UK.; Department of Paramedic Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK., Wright A; North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton, UK., Perkins GD; Warwick Clinical Trials, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.; Critical Care Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Publikováno v: Resuscitation plus [Resusc Plus] 2023 Dec 30; Vol. 17, pp. 100544. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 30 (Print Publication: 2024).

Randomised trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a supraglottic airway device compared with tracheal intubation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (AIRWAYS-3): Protocol, design and implementation.

Autor: Watkins S; Faculty of Health & Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK., Chowdhury FJ; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Norman C; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Brett SJ; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK., Couper K; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Goodwin L; Faculty of Health & Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK., Gould DW; Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre, London, UK., Ae Harrison D; Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre, London, UK., Hossain A; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Lall R; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Mason J; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Nolan JP; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK.; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK., Nwankwo H; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Perkins GD; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Samuel K; North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK., Schofield B; Faculty of Health & Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK., Soar J; North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK., Starr K; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, UK., Thomas M; University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK., Voss S; Faculty of Health & Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK., Benger JR; Faculty of Health & Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.; University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.

Publikováno v: Resuscitation plus [Resusc Plus] 2023 Jul 18; Vol. 15, pp. 100430. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 18 (Print Publication: 2023).