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pro vyhledávání: '"Norah L. A. Gharala"'
Autor:
Norah L. A. Gharala
A definitive analysis of the most successful tribute system in the Americas as applied to Afromexicans During the eighteenth century, hundreds of thousands of free descendants of Africans in Mexico faced a highly specific obligation to the Spanish cr
Autor:
Norah L. A. Gharala
Publikováno v:
Journal of Global Slavery. 7:243-281
Between the mid-sixteenth and late-seventeenth centuries, a minority of enslaved people in Spanish America came from the western Indian Ocean world. Europeans trafficked “Mozambiques” into central Mexico as early as the 1540s, but the terms conne
Autor:
Norah L. A. Gharala
Publikováno v:
Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos. 38:10-34
This article focuses on how women of African descent responded to colonial taxation. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, free Afrodescendants were subject to a royal tribute tax based on their African ancestry. This tribute was also based
Autor:
Norah L. A. Gharala
Publikováno v:
The American Historical Review. 127:1009-1010
Autor:
Norah L. A. Gharala
Publikováno v:
Norah L. A. Gharala
This article examines the shifting meanings of calidad and political loyalty as they applied to tributary status in Bourbon New Spain. While tribute had long remained a symbol of the relationship b...